Relative replication fitness of multi-nucleoside analogue-resistant HIV-1 strains bearing a dipeptide insertion in the fingers subdomain of the reverse transcriptase and mutations at codons 67 and 215.
Abstract: A two-serine insertion at position 69 (i69SS) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) appears to be critical to enhance multi-nucleoside RT inhibitor resistance (MNR) in the sequence context of multiple zidovudine (AZT) resistance mutations (i.e., M41L, L210W, T215Y).
Abstract: Interestingly, the presence of the insertion together with mutation T215Y in an otherwise WT sequence background was not sufficient to confer high-level resistance to AZT, although its replication capacity was clearly impaired.
Effects of the Delta67 complex of mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase on nucleoside analog excision.
Abstract: HIV-1 RT containing the Delta67 complex of mutations was not able to excise as broad a range of NRTIs as the fingers insertion variant SSGR/T215Y, but it was able to polymerize efficiently with low concentrations of deoxynucleoside triphosphates and seems to be able to excise AZTMP and PMPA at lower ATP concentrations than AZT-R or SSGR/T215Y, suggesting that a virus containing the Delta67 complex of mutations would replicate reasonably well in quiescent cells, even in the presence of AZT.
Abstract: HIV-1 variants containing amino acid substitutions within the coding region of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), such as the 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT)-resistant variant AZT-R (M41L/D67N/ PMID: 15332433
2004
AIDS reviews
Abstract: For example, only the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations M184V, M41L T215Y, D67N, K70R and L210W, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations K103N and Y181C, and protease inhibitor (PI) mutation L90M, occur in more than 10% of samples tested for resistance in this population.
Genotypic resistance in HIV-1-infected patients with persistently detectable low-level viremia while receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Abstract: The most common mutations were M184V, K65R, and M41L/T215Y.
Antiretroviral resistance and genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from the Federal District, Central Brazil.
PMID: 15761606
2004
Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Abstract: Many mutations associated with reduced susceptibility to nucleoside or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were detected: M41L (11%), E44D (4%), D67N (11%), T69D (2%), K70R (11%), L74V (2%), L100I (4%), K103N (18%), V118I (9%), Y181C (11%), M184V (18%), G190A (4%), T215Y (4%), and K219E (4%).
Correlation of phenotypic zidovudine resistance with mutational patterns in the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: interpretation of established mutations and characterization of new polymorphisms at codons 208, 211, and 214.
PMID: 12499169
2003
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: A comparable correlation was obtained when ZDV-R was analyzed only relative to the T215Y/F mutation.
Rates of transmission of antiretroviral drug resistant strains of HIV-1.
Abstract: Moreover, both M41L and K70R, but not T215Y, occurred with significantly decreased frequency in the post 1995 samples.
Abstract: The distribution of the most common resistance mutations in the RT was as follows; M41L (8.5%) and T215Y (8.5%) and K70R (4.8%).
Effects of dipeptide insertions between codons 69 and 70 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase on primer unblocking, deoxynucleoside triphosphate inhibition, and DNA chain elongation.
Abstract: The additional presence of M41L and T215Y mutations increased unblocking activity for all three insertions, greatly reduced the sensitivity to dNTP inhibition, and resulted in defects in in vitro DNA chain elongation.
Dioxolane guanosine 5'-triphosphate, an alternative substrate inhibitor of wild-type and mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Steady state and pre-steady state kinetic analyses.
PMID: 12651859
2003
The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: In vitro, HIV-1 mutants resistant to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (M41L/D67N/K70R/T215Y/K219Q) and (-)beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC) (M184V) remain sensitive to DXG.
Prevalence of M184V and K65R in proviral DNA from PBMCs in HIV-infected youths with lamivudine/emtricitabine exposure.
Abstract: Mutants having K65R and T215Y replicated less efficiently than viruses that had T215Y only, suggesting that selection of T215Y in patients treated with d4T may be favored.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2004
Virology
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