literature

HIV mutation literature information.

HIV-1 phenotypic reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug resistance test interpretation is not dependent on the subtype of the virus backbone.

PMID: 22496845 2012 PloS one

Result: The most prevalent mutations in this dataset included: K103N (n = 30; 38.5%), M184V (n = 26; 33.3%), T215Y (n = 13; 16.7%), T215F (n = 8; 10.3%), M41L (n = 9; 11.5%), V106M (n = 8; 10.3%), D67N (n = 9; 11.5%), V108I (n = 8; 10.3%).

Transmitted drug resistance and phylogenetic relationships among acute and early HIV-1-infected individuals in New York City.

PMID: 22592583 2012 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Abstract: M41L (3.7%), T215Y (4.0%), and K103N/S (4.7%) were the most common mutations.

Result: Mutations M41L (3.7%), T215Y/F/S/D/C/E (4.0%), K103N/S (4.7%) and L90M were most prevalent.

[Study on HIV-1 drug resistance profile of 257 AIDS patients with failure on the first-line antiretroviral treatment in Henan].

PMID: 22613387 2012 Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi

Abstract: 40.47% of the samples harbored>=1 TAM, with T215Y/F having the most, as 33.85%.

K65R in subtype C HIV-1 isolates from patients failing on a first-line regimen including d4T or AZT: comparison of Sanger and UDP sequencing data.

PMID: 22615779 2012 PloS one

Discussion: The Sanger results of isolates from treated patients were as expected with a predominance of M184V, numerous TAMs of pathway1 (M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F) and DRMs to NNRTIs (mainly K101E, K103N, V106M, Y181C, G190A).

Prevalence of HIV drug resistance mutation in the northern Indian population after failure of the first line antiretroviral therapy.

PMID: 22716105 2012 Current HIV research

Abstract: NRTI and NNRTI DRMs were each seen in 115/128 (89.8%) patients, with M184V, M41L, D67N and T215Y being the most frequent among NRTI associated mutations, and K103N, G190A, Y181C and A98G among NNRTI associated ones.

Assessing subtypes and drug resistance mutations among HIV-1 infected children who failed antiretroviral therapy in Kelantan, Malaysia.

PMID: 22729198 2012 The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases

Abstract: The most prevalent RT mutations were T215F/V/Y (66.7%), D67G/N (55.6%), K219Q/E/R (44.4%), M184V/I (38.9%), K70R/E (27.8%) and M41L (27.8%), associated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) resistance; and K103N (55.6%), G190A (33.3%), and K101P/E/H (27.8%) associated with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) resistance.

Connection domain mutations during antiretroviral treatment failure in Mali: frequencies and impact on reverse transcriptase inhibitor activity.

PMID: 22828721 2012 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Method: Thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) were defined as M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, K219E/Q.

Trends in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase resistance-associated mutations and antiretroviral prescription data from 2003-2010.

PMID: 22837442 2012 Antiviral therapy

Abstract: RESULTS: In the unfiltered data set (n=107,231), the prevalence in 2010 decreased compared to 2003 for all nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) RAMs, such as M184V/I (44.0% to 17.9%), T215Y (22.7% to 4.1%), and K65R (4.3% to 2.1%).

Clinical, virological and biochemical evidence supporting the association of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase polymorphism R284K and thymidine analogue resistance mutations M41L, L210W and T215Y in patients failing tenofovir/emtricitabine therapy.

PMID: 22889300 2012 Retrovirology

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Thymidine analogue resistance mutations (TAMs) selected under treatment with nucleoside analogues generate two distinct genotypic profiles in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT): (i) TAM1: M41L, L210W and T215Y, and (ii) TAM2: D67N, K70R and K219E/Q, and sometimes T215F.

Abstract: However, the mutant RT M41L/L210W/T215Y/R284K showed an increased catalytic rate for nucleotide incorporation and a higher RNase H activity in comparison with WT and mutant

HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping from antiretroviral therapy (ART) naive and first-line treatment failures in Djiboutian patients.

PMID: 23044036 2012 Diagnostic pathology

Result: The NRTI-associated mutations were D67N (2 strains), T69N (1), M184V (6), L210W (2), T215Y (2).

Table: T215Y

Discussion: Accumulation of the other mutations observed included thymidine associated mutations (including M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, K219Q) results in increasing resistance to AZT, Tenofovir, D4T, Abacavir, and DDI .

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