Abstract: The number of thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) was lower in isolates with M184V, this was independent of plasma HIV-1-RNA level and time on therapy for T215F/Y, D67N and L210W.
Nucleoside analog resistance caused by insertions in the fingers of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase involves ATP-mediated excision.
Abstract: Although the dideoxynucleoside analogs of other nucleosides were excised more slowly than AZTMP, ddTMP, and d4TMP, the mutants with the fingers insertion and T215Y excised all of the nucleoside analogs that were tested more efficiently than wild-type RT or a mutant RT carrying the classical AZT resistance mutations.
Abstract: However, unlike the classic AZT resistance mutations (M41L/D67N/K70R/T215Y or F/K219E or Q), the combination of the amino acid insertions in the fingers and the T215Y mutation allows efficient excision of ddTMP and d4TMP, even when relatively high levels of deoxynucleoside triphosphates are present in the reaction.
[Genotypic resistance of human immunodeficiency virus in patients with virologic failure].
Abstract: RESULTS: Mutations were observed in 52,6% of cases for reverse transcriptase (RT) an in 81,8% for the protease genes, being T215Y and V82A the most frequently detected ones.
Crystal structures of Zidovudine- or Lamivudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptases containing mutations at codons 41, 184, and 215.
Abstract: Model building M41L and T215Y into HIV-1 RT-DNA and docking in ATP that is utilized in the pyrophosphorolysis reaction for AZT resistance indicates that some conformational rearrangement appears necessary in RT for ATP to interact simultaneously with the M41L and T215Y mutations.
Abstract: Six structures of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) containing combinations of resistance mutations for zidovudine (AZT) (M41L and T215Y) or lamivudine (M184V) have been determined as inhibitor complexes.
A rapid phenotypic assay for detecting multiple nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant HIV-1 in plasma.
Abstract: In contrast, 21 specimens were sensitive to zidovudine-TP, of which 12 had WT genotypes, four had T215Y/F, and five had T69S-insertions along with T215Y/F mutations.
Abstract: This assay exploits the different biochemical mechanisms for zidovudine-resistance conferred by either Q151 M or T215Y/F mutations and the inability of conventional RT assays to detect T215Y/F-associated zidovudine resistance.
Abstract: We show that enzymatic resistance to zidovudine-TP is specific to MNR RT and is distinguishable from both wild-type (WT) and RT containing classical zidovudine-resistant mutations (D67N,
Persistence of earlier HIV-1 drug resistance mutations at new treatment failure.
Abstract: After changing from zidovudine- to stavudine-containing regimens, the thymidine analogue mutations (especially M41L and T215Y/F) were found at new treatment failure in almost all patients.
Development of drug resistance in HIV-1 patients receiving a combination of stavudine, lamivudine and efavirenz.
PMID: 12385703
2002
International journal of antimicrobial agents
Abstract: Results showed that viruses carrying primary mutations, usually K103N, T215Y and M41L, presented higher levels of HIV-1 RNA, suggesting an association between a precise mutation pattern and treatment failure.
Genotypic and phenotypic resistance patterns in early-stage HIV-1-infected patients failing initial therapy with stavudine, didanosine and nevirapine.
Abstract: Four of these seven patients also had thymidine analogue-associated mutations (TAM) (T215Y/F [2/4], M41L [1/4], D67N [2/4] and K70R [1/4]).
Analysis of HIV-1 mutation patterns in patients failing antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 11170234
2001
Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
Abstract: The most frequent RT mutations were T215Y/F, M41L, and M184V (41.9, 40.8, and 40.8%, respectively), while L63P, L10R/V, and A71V/T (58, 41.9, and 34.4%, respectively) were the most represented protease substitutions.
Primary genotypic and phenotypic HIV-1 drug resistance in recent seroconverters in Madrid.
PMID: 11242181
2001
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: A median infectious dose (IC50) increase of fourfold for any drug was found in 7 patients, and in 2 was > tenfold for zidovudine (genotype M41L + T215Y) and lamivudine (genotype M184V), respectively.
Abstract: Zidovudine-resistance mutations M41L and/or T215Y were the commonest, found in 20% (6 of 30 participants).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2002
AIDS (London, England)
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