HIV mutation literature information.


  Effectiveness of first-line antiretroviral therapy and correlates of longitudinal changes in CD4 and viral load among HIV-infected children in Ghana.
 PMID: 24119088       2013       BMC infectious diseases
Result: Thymidine-associated mutations (TAMs) were rare with only one patient (1 of 8, 12.5%) harboring T215Y mutation in combination with M184V.
Table: T215Y


  Incidence and risk factors for first line anti retroviral treatment failure among Ugandan children attending an urban HIV clinic.
 PMID: 24215971       2013       AIDS research and therapy
Result: Other common NRTI RAMs were the K70R (n = 22; 20%), T215Y (n = 36; 24%), M41L (n = 23; 21%), D67N (n = 15; 14%), K219Q/E (n = 14; 13%) and the L210W making 9% of the TAMs.


  Highly-sensitive allele-specific PCR testing identifies a greater prevalence of transmitted HIV drug resistance in Japan.
 PMID: 24358257       2013       PloS one
Abstract: To detect minority populations with drug resistance, we used AS-PCR with mutation-specific primers designed for seven reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations, M41L, K65R, K70R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, and T215F/Y, and for three protease inhibitor resistance mutations, M46I/L and L90M.
Method: Briefly, mutation-specific primers were designed for seven reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations, M41L, K65R, K70R,


  Biochemical, inhibition and inhibitor resistance studies of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus reverse transcriptase.
 PMID: 21908397       2012       Nucleic acids research
Discussion: HIV-1 RTs containing the M41L, D67N, K70R, T215Y/F, K219E/Q mutations show enhanced removal of AZT.


  Drug resistance mutations in HIV pol sequences from Argentinean patients under antiretroviral treatment: subtype, gender, and age issues.
 PMID: 21936717       2012       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The most common DRMs were L10I, I54V, L90M, V82A, A71V, L10V, M46I, M184V, M41L, T215Y, D67N, L210W, K70R, N348I, V118I, K103N, Y181C, G190A, K101E, V108I, L100I, V90I, K101Q, and  PMID: 22138483       2012       Antiviral research
Abstract: E17A was associated with thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) in reverse transcriptase M41L, L210W and T215Y and with the use of didanosine in the patients' treatment histories.


  HIV-1 subtype D infections among Caucasians from Northwestern Poland--phylogenetic and clinical analysis.
 PMID: 22359615       2012       PloS one
Table: T215Y


  Zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy selects for the A360V mutation in the connection domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
 PMID: 22363673       2012       PloS one
Abstract: Mutations significantly associated with AZT monotherapy included K70R (p = 0.003) and T215Y (p = 0.013) in the polymerase domain of HIV-1 RT, and A360V (p = 0.041) in the connection domain of HIV-1 RT.
Method: The A360V mutation was also introduced by site-directed mutagenesis (QuickChange II Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit; Agilent, La Jolla, CA) into the backbone of wildtype HIV-1
Result: Although each of the known TAMs was identified in one or more on-treatment samples, only the K70R and T215Y mutations were significantly associated with AZT monotherapy.


  Emergence of minor drug-resistant HIV-1 variants after triple antiretroviral prophylaxis for prevention of vertical HIV-1 transmission.
 PMID: 22384138       2012       PloS one
Introduction: For this purpose, we developed, evaluated and applied highly sensitive allele-specific PCR (ASPCR) assays enabling the detection and quantification of three key mutations for AZT resistance (K70R, T215Y and T215F), the two most common NVP-associated resistance mutations (K103N and Y181C) and the most frequent 3TC-selected mutation M184V in the pol open reading frame with a detection limit of <1%.
Result: Genotypic mutations associated with decreased susceptibility to AZT were detected in 11/50 (22%) women (7/50 (14%) containing K70R alone and 4/50 (8%) with T215Y/F mutation) whereas 9/50 (18%) women harbored NVP-resistant virus (K


  Low prevalence of transmitted drug resistance in patients newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection in Sweden 2003-2010.
 PMID: 22448246       2012       PloS one
Table: T215Y



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