Abstract: The most common mutations were M184V, K65R, and M41L/T215Y.
Antiretroviral resistance and genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from the Federal District, Central Brazil.
PMID: 15761606
2004
Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Abstract: Many mutations associated with reduced susceptibility to nucleoside or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were detected: M41L (11%), E44D (4%), D67N (11%), T69D (2%), K70R (11%), L74V (2%), L100I (4%), K103N (18%), V118I (9%), Y181C (11%), M184V (18%), G190A (4%), T215Y (4%), and K219E (4%).
Correlation of phenotypic zidovudine resistance with mutational patterns in the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: interpretation of established mutations and characterization of new polymorphisms at codons 208, 211, and 214.
PMID: 12499169
2003
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: A comparable correlation was obtained when ZDV-R was analyzed only relative to the T215Y/F mutation.
Rates of transmission of antiretroviral drug resistant strains of HIV-1.
Abstract: Moreover, both M41L and K70R, but not T215Y, occurred with significantly decreased frequency in the post 1995 samples.
Abstract: The distribution of the most common resistance mutations in the RT was as follows; M41L (8.5%) and T215Y (8.5%) and K70R (4.8%).
Effects of dipeptide insertions between codons 69 and 70 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase on primer unblocking, deoxynucleoside triphosphate inhibition, and DNA chain elongation.
Abstract: The additional presence of M41L and T215Y mutations increased unblocking activity for all three insertions, greatly reduced the sensitivity to dNTP inhibition, and resulted in defects in in vitro DNA chain elongation.
Dioxolane guanosine 5'-triphosphate, an alternative substrate inhibitor of wild-type and mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Steady state and pre-steady state kinetic analyses.
PMID: 12651859
2003
The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: In vitro, HIV-1 mutants resistant to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (M41L/D67N/K70R/T215Y/K219Q) and (-)beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC) (M184V) remain sensitive to DXG.
A novel genetic pathway of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistance to stavudine mediated by the K65R mutation.
Abstract: Mutants having K65R and T215Y replicated less efficiently than viruses that had T215Y only, suggesting that selection of T215Y in patients treated with d4T may be favored.
Prevalence and virologic consequences of HIV-1 genotype mutations detected in a cohort of 161 Italian patients receiving a nelfinavir-based highly active antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 12797395
2003
Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
Abstract: Among the 80 failed patients, the M184V mutation was detected in 52 (65%), while only 7 patients showed simultaneously the M184V, T215Y and K103N substitutions.
Abstract: In our HIV-infected population receiving a nelfinavir-based HAART, the D30N mutation has shown a low absolute frequency, while the detection of M184V substitution and the simultaneous occurrence of M184V, T215Y and K103N mutations were related to a more favorable virological response.
The molecular epidemiology and drug resistance determination of HIV type 1 subtype B infection in Barbados.
PMID: 12816080
2003
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Only two RT antiretroviral resistance mutations (M41L and T215Y) were observed, both from a single patient.
Mutations E44D and V118I in the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 play distinct mechanistic roles in dual resistance to AZT and 3TC.
PMID: 12819190
2003
The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: Both mechanisms show a certain degree of incompatibility; however, previous clinical data revealed that mutations E44D and V118I, when present in a background of classical AZT mutations (M41L, D67N, L210W, and T215Y), confer dual resistance to AZT and 3TC.
Abstract: The additional presence of mutations M41L, D67N, L210W, and T215Y can partially neutralize this deficit, which helps to explain the concurrent presence of these changes in resistant isolates.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2004
Clinical infectious diseases
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