Human immunodeficiency virus 1 strains resistant to nucleoside inhibitors of reverse transcriptase in isolates from the Czech Republic as monitored by line probe assay and nucleotide sequencing.
Abstract: Mutations in RT gene (M41L, K70R and T215Y/F) conferring the resistance to zidovudine (ZDV) were most frequent (62.6%), that (M184V) responsible for the resistance to lamivudine (3TC) was less frequent (33.7%), while those linked to the resistance to dideoxyinosine (ddl) and dideoxyinosine together with dideoxycytidine (ddl/ddC) were rather rare (6.5% and 5.1%, respectively).
Phenotypic and genotypic resistance patterns of HIV-1 isolates derived from individuals treated with didanosine and stavudine.
Abstract: Mutations classically associated with zidovudine resistance were observed to emerge in 7 out of 36 isolates, T215Y/F (four), M41L +T215Y/F (two) and D67N (one).
Prevalence of HIV-1 resistant to antiretroviral drugs in 81 individuals newly infected by sexual contact or injecting drug use. Investigators of the Quebec Primary Infection Study.
Abstract: The PI mutations, L101, V82A, and L90M, were found in 10.5, 3 and 4% of cases, respectively; whereas for RT, primary mutations at positions T215Y (zidovudine), M184V (lamivudine), T69D/A (zalcitabine), and K103N (multi-NNRTI) were present in 8, 5, 4, and 4% of subjects, respectively.
Multidrug resistance genotypes (insertions in the beta3-beta4 finger subdomain and MDR mutations) of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase from extensively treated patients: incidence and association with other resistance mutations.
Abstract: Especially high levels of resistance to zidovudine were observed for viruses with a beta3-beta4 insertion in the background of A62V, L210W, and T215Y.
In vitro selection of mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase that decrease susceptibility to (-)-beta-D-dioxolane-guanosine and suppress resistance to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine.
PMID: 10858331
2000
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: However, when introduced into a genetic background for AZT resistance (D67N, K70R, T215Y, T219Q), the K65R mutation reversed the AZT resistance.
Abstract: The L74V mutation also decreased the AZT resistance when the mutation was introduced into a genetic background for AZT resistance (D67N, K70R, T215Y, T219Q) but to a lesser degree than the K65R mutation did.
Prevalence of primary resistance to zidovudine and lamivudine in drug-naive human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infected patients: high proportion of reverse transcriptase codon 215 mutant in circulating lymphocytes and free virus.
Abstract: Mutation T215Y/F was found in five (5.6%) patients infected between 1994 and 1997, whereas none of these patients harbored the mutation M184V.
Abstract: The T215Y/F mutation was present in the virus and/or provirus and persisted for at least two years.
Abstract: The presence of primary zidovudine (AZT)-resistance (mutation T215Y/F) or lamivudine (3TC)-resistance (mutation M184V) was evaluated in 90 drug-naive patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) between 1987 and 1997.
Immunogenicity of mutations induced by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T cells.
Abstract: Two HIV-1(LAI) RT regions encompassing mutation M41L, L74V, M184V, and T215Y/F were recognized in 75 and 83% mutated and in 33 and 42% unmutated samples, respectively.
Evidence of a role for the Q151L mutation and the viral background in development of multiple dideoxynucleoside-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Abstract: The majority of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients treated with zidovudine (AZT) plus zalcitabine (ddC) and didanosine (ddI) develop AZT resistance mediated by mutations such as T215Y and M41L.
3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and AZT-resistant reverse transcriptase can increase the in vivo mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Abstract: It was observed that only high-level, AZT-resistant RT variants could influence the in vivo mutation rate (i.e., M41L/T215Y and M41L/D67N/K70R/T215Y).
Mutation L210W of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in patients receiving combination therapy. Incidence, association with other mutations, and effects on the structure of mutated reverse transcriptase.
Abstract: Follow-up studies demonstrated that L210W appeared always after T215Y/F.
Abstract: In contrast, 98% of these 647 sequences were also mutated at codon 215 (essentially T215Y/F), and 94% at codon 41 (mainly M41L).
Abstract: These data showing a close association between L210W, T215Y/F, and M41L, and a mutual exclusion between K70R and L210W, were confirmed by analyzing the sequences stored in the HIV-1 sequences available through the Stanford HIV RT and Protease Database.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2001
Acta virologica
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