Switch to unusual amino acids at codon 215 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase gene in seroconvertors infected with zidovudine-resistant variants.
Abstract: Sequences of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) domain were determined by direct sequencing of HIV-1 RNA in successive plasma samples from eight seroconverting patients infected with virus bearing the T215Y/F amino acid substitution associated with zidovudine (ZDV) resistance.
Genotypic changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 associated with loss of suppression of plasma viral RNA levels in subjects treated with ritonavir (Norvir) monotherapy.
Abstract: The relative fitness of the protease V82A ritonavir resistance mutation and reverse transcriptase T215Y/F zidovudine resistance mutation following drug withdrawal were estimated to be 96 to 98% that of the wild type.
Enhanced binding of azidothymidine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus 1 reverse transcriptase to the 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate-terminated primer.
PMID: 9603976
1998
The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is resistant to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) when four amino acid substitutions (D67N, K70R, T215F, and K219Q) are present simultaneously in its reverse transcriptase.
Phenotypic mechanism of HIV-1 resistance to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT): increased polymerization processivity and enhanced sensitivity to pyrophosphate of the mutant viral reverse transcriptase.
Abstract: The D67N/ Abstract: The D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q mutant showed an increased rate of pyrophosphorolysis (the reverse reaction of DNA synthesis) of chain-terminated DNA; this enhanced pyrophosphorolysis was due to the D67N/K70R mutations.
Abstract: The D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q mutant showed increased DNA polymerase processivity; this resulted from decreased template/primer dissociation from RT, and was due to the T215F/K219Q mutations.
Human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase codon 215 mutations diminish virologic response to didanosine-zidovudine therapy in subjects with non-syncytium-inducing phenotype.
PMID: 8843229
1996
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: At study entry, plasma from 4 subjects had human immunodeficiency virus RNA pol T215Y/F mutant and 4 had codon 215 wild type.
Abstract: Sustained 10-fold decreases in plasma RNA levels were seen only in subjects who initially had 215 wild type RNA, despite the development of a T215Y/F mutation during combination therapy.
Determination of human immunodeficiency virus RNA in plasma and cellular viral DNA genotypic zidovudine resistance and viral load during zidovudine-didanosine combination therapy.
Abstract: All subjects had evidence of RT T215Y/F mutation in both RNA in plasma and PBMC DNA at baseline.
Abstract: HIV RNA in plasma demonstrated a significantly higher RT T215Y/F mutant/WT ratio than that of PBMC viral DNA, both at baseline and after ZDV-ddI combination therapy in all subjects.
Abstract: In all subjects, no significant changes in PBMC DNA viral load and RT T215Y/F or WT levels were seen.
Abstract: Subjects with a mixture of WT and RT T215Y/F HIV RNA in plasma at baseline demonstrated a decline in RNA levels in plasma after the addition of ddI.
Abstract: Subjects with only RT
Multiple mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confer high-level resistance to zidovudine (AZT).
Abstract: Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the reverse transcriptase (RT) coding region from five pairs of sensitive and resistant isolates identified three predicted amino acid substitutions common to all the resistant strains (Asp67----Asn, Lys70----Arg, Thr215----Phe or Tyr) plus a fourth in three isolates (Lys219----Gln).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
1998
Journal of virology
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