Increasing proportions of HIV-1 non-B subtypes and of NNRTI resistance between 2013 and 2016 in Germany: Results from the national molecular surveillance of new HIV-diagnoses.
Discussion: Large transmission networks of German MSM were observed for the most frequently transmitted NRTI mutation T215S (revertant of T215Y/F), and the PI resistance mutations M46I and V82L.
Research on the treatment effects and drug resistances of long-term second-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients from Henan Province in China.
Discussion: TDF was used in the second-line program; the mutations associated with resistance to TDF were K65R, TAM (M41 L, K70R, L210 W, T215F), D67N, K70E, and Y115F.
Discussion: The K65R mutation causes intermediate/high-level resistance to TDF; use of TAMs (M41 L,
Discussion: show that TAM (M41 L, L210 W, and T215F/Y) and M184I/V mutations related to NRTI drug resistance increased after patients switched to the second-line regimen.
Detection of minority drug resistant mutations in Malawian HIV-1 subtype C-positive patients initiating and on first-line antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 29977795
2018
African journal of laboratory medicine
Result: Other minority mutations including M41L, A62V, D67N, T69D, V75M, T215F and K219E were found in one sample each.
Table: T215F
Use of Proviral DNA to Investigate Virus Resistance Mutations in HIV-infected Zimbabweans.
Discussion: Studies have shown TAMs to appear through two pathways in a particular order: TAM-1 (M41L/L210W/T215Y) and TAM-2 (D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q).
Commonly Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Reverse-Transcriptase and Protease in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive Patients and Response to Regimens Containing Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate or Tenofovir Alafenamide.
PMID: 28453836
2017
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: At least 1 thymidine-analogue mutations was present in 2.7% of patients with 0.07% harboring T215Y/F and 2.7% harboring T215 revertant mutations (T215rev).
Mutational Correlates of Virological Failure in Individuals Receiving a WHO-Recommended Tenofovir-Containing First-Line Regimen: An International Collaboration.
Method: Because of the possibility that some individuals may have received a thymidine analog before receiving a TDF-containing regimen, as such switches may not have always reported, we excluded from our analysis individuals with sequences containing one or more canonical thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) - M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E.
Fidelity of classwide-resistant HIV-2 reverse transcriptase and differential contribution of K65R to the accuracy of HIV-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptases.
Introduction: Unlike HIV-1, HIV-2 does not develop resistance to nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs) through the excision pathway (involving amino acid substitutions M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y and K219E/Q in the viral RT), but relies exclusively on nucleotide discrimination.
Polymorphisms and Mutational Covariation Associated with Death in a Prospective Cohort of HIV/AIDS Patients Receiving Long-Term ART in China.
Result: For example, M41L and D67N had 16 (D218E, E44A, G190S, G196E, H221Y, I142V, K101E, L210W, L228R, L74V, M184V, R211K, T215F, V108I, V118I, and V179I) and nine (E44A, H208Y, H221Y, K70R, L210W
Generalized semiparametric varying-coefficient model for longitudinal data with applications to adaptive treatment randomizations.
Introduction: ACTG 244 began enrollment in February 1994, and among the 289 enrollees, 284 were dispensed ZDV, of whom 57 developed T215Y/F.
Introduction: ACTG 244 enrolled subjects receiving ZDV monotherapy and monitored their HIV in plasma bi-monthly for the T215Y/F mutation.
Introduction: ACTG 244 was a randomized, double-blind trial that evaluated the clinical utility of monitoring HIV infected patients taking Zidovudine (ZDV) monotherapy for occurrence of the T215Y/F ZDV resistance mutation.
Introduction: An additional reason is that the time to develop the T215Y/F mutation introduces informative censoring, and thus our analysis of the second randomization strategy that only includes subjects who did not develop the mutation avoids making a false assumption of
Recent trends and patterns in HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in the United Kingdom.
Method: In this report, the term 'transmitted drug resistance mutations' (TDRMs) is used to describe (a) for pol, the presence of one or more mutations from the World Health Organisation (WHO) 2009 surveillance list 19 with the addition of E138K, a mutation known to cause resistance to the second-generation nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) rilpivirine, and all changes at codon T215 as they are likely to be ancestrally related to T215F or Y mutations 20; (b) for integrase, the presence of mutations from the IAS-USA 2013 list or accessory mutations reported by the Stanford HIVdb algorithm v7.0 (HIV Drug Resistance Database, Stanford University, Stanford, CA).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2018
PloS one
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