HIV mutation literature information.


  HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations: Potential Applications for Point-of-Care Genotypic Resistance Testing.
 PMID: 26717411       2015       PloS one
Result: The TAMs M41L, D67N/E/G and K219Q/E/N/R and the T215 revertant mutations (T215C/D/E/S/I/V) were the most common non-major transmitted NRTI DRMs.


  Epidemiological Surveillance of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Spain in 2004-2012: Relevance of Transmission Clusters in the Propagation of Resistance Mutations.
 PMID: 26010948       2015       PloS one
Table: T215C/E


  Global HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial.
 PMID: 25711326       2015       HIV medicine
Abstract: The most frequent TDR mutations observed were M41L, D67N/G/E, T215F/Y/I/S/C/D/E/V/N, 219Q/E/N/R, K103N/S, and G190A/S/E in reverse transcriptase, and M46I/L and L90M in protease.


  2014 Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1.
 PMID: 25101529       2014       Topics in antiviral medicine
Discussion: The T215A/C/D/E/G/H/I/L/N/S/V substitutions are revertant mutations at codon 215 that confer increased risk of virologic failure of zidovudine or stavudine in antiretroviralnaive patients.


  Highly-sensitive allele-specific PCR testing identifies a greater prevalence of transmitted HIV drug resistance in Japan.
 PMID: 24358257       2013       PloS one
Result: As summarized in Table 2, all resistant mutations were found as sole mutation, one with A62V, one with D67E and six cases of intermediates at codon 215 (one with T215D, one with T215E, two cases of T215L and two cases of T215S), one with N88D and 14 cases of M46I mutation were detected by conventional bulk sequencing analysis, yielding a
Result: The identified A62V, D67E, T215E, T215S and N88D mutations detected by bulk sequencing were not targeted by AS-PCR, and therefore were not included in determining changes in mutation frequency.


  Comparisons of Primary HIV-1 Drug Resistance between Recent and Chronic HIV-1 Infection within a Sub-Regional Cohort of Asian Patients.
 PMID: 23826076       2013       PloS one
Abstract: Of patients with chronic infection, T215D/E/F/I/S/Y (0.8%; NRTI), Y181C
Discussion: T215D/E/I/S confers an increased risk of virologic failure for ART-naive patients started on regimens including zidovudine or stavudine.
Discussion: The mutation selected by lamivudine, M184I/V, and the thymidine analogue mutation of T215D/E/F/I/S/Y were the most common RAMs in patients with recent HIV-1 infection and T215D/E/F/I/S/Y were the most common RAMs in those with chronic HIV-1 infection.


  Transmitted drug resistance and phylogenetic relationships among acute and early HIV-1-infected individuals in New York City.
 PMID: 22592583       2012       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: Mutations M41L (3.7%), T215Y/F/S/D/C/E (4.0%), K103N/S (4.7%) and L90M were most prevalent.


  Dynamics of HIV-1 quasispecies during antiviral treatment dissected using ultra-deep pyrosequencing.
 PMID: 20628644       2010       PloS one
Introduction: We also studied so called T215 reversion mutations (T215A/C/D/E/G/H/I/L/N/S/V).
Result: We also investigated the levels of preexisting T215 reversion mutations (T215A/C/D/E/G/H/I/L/N/S/V) and found that four of five patients had preexisting levels of T215A and/or T215I that ranged from 0.05% to 0.11% (Table 3), whereas we did not detect any of the other 215 reversion mutations.


  Minority human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants in antiretroviral-naive persons with reverse transcriptase codon 215 revertant mutations.
 PMID: 18715933       2008       Journal of virology
Abstract: T215 revertant mutations such as T215C/D/E/S that evolve from the nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor mutations T215Y/F have been found in about 3% of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected persons.


  HIV-1 subtype B protease and reverse transcriptase amino acid covariation.
 PMID: 17500586       2007       PLoS computational biology
Method: NRTI-selected mutations included T39A, M41L, K43E/Q/N, E44D/A, A62V, K65R, D67N/G/E, T69D/N/S/insertion, K70R, L74V/I, V75I/M/T/A, F77L, V90I, K104N, Y115F, F116Y, V118I, Q151M, M184V/I, E203K,



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