Abstract: The most frequent TDR mutations observed were M41L, D67N/G/E, T215F/Y/I/S/C/D/E/V/N, 219Q/E/N/R, K103N/S, and G190A/S/E in reverse transcriptase, and M46I/L and L90M in protease.
2014 Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1.
Discussion: The T215A/C/D/E/G/H/I/L/N/S/V substitutions are revertant mutations at codon 215 that confer increased risk of virologic failure of zidovudine or stavudine in antiretroviralnaive patients.
Persistence of frequently transmitted drug-resistant HIV-1 variants can be explained by high viral replication capacity.
Abstract: Detected mutations were as follows: M41L, K70E, M184V, L210W and T215C/D/S, responsible for nucleoside RT inhibitor (NRTI) resistance; K103N/S and Y181C, responsible for non-nucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance; M46L and L90M, responsible for protease inhibitor (PI) resistance.
Incidence of transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected persons in a large South Central United States clinic.
Abstract: The L90M mutation was the most frequently observed PI SDRM (1.6%), while the T215C/D/I mutation was the most common NRTI SDRM identified (1.9%).
Short communication: molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 infection in northern Greece (2009-2010): evidence of a transmission cluster of HIV type 1 subtype A1 drug-resistant strains among men who have sex with men.
PMID: 24059291
2014
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The main cluster within subtype A1 (I) included eight men reporting having sex with men from Thessaloniki infected with dual-class RT-resistant strains carrying both T215C and Y181C mutations.
Increased risk of Q151M and K65R mutations in patients failing stavudine-containing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Cambodia.
Result: The most frequently detected mutations were: M184I/V (92.3%), Y181C/I/V (47.1%), T215I/C/F/N/S (38.8%), D67E/G/N (37.3%), K103N/R/S (33.9%), and G190A/Q/S (32.5%).
HIV-1 subtypes and primary antiretroviral resistance mutations in antiretroviral therapy naive HIV-1 infected individuals in Turkey.
PMID: 23883841
2013
Japanese journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: The patients had primary antiretroviral resistance mutations to nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NRTIs) (M41L, T215C, T215D, and K219Q), non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs; K103N), and protease inhibitors (PIs; I47V, G73S).
Molecular epidemiology of HIV in a cohort of men having sex with men from Istanbul.
PMID: 23296905
2013
Medical microbiology and immunology
Abstract: In these patients, the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-associated resistance mutations M41L, T215C, V75I, T69N, the non-NRTI associated mutations V106I, E138A, K103N and the protease inhibitor associated mutations Q58E and V82I were detected.
Prevalence of drug-resistant HIV type 1 at the time of initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Portland, Oregon.
PMID: 22697610
2013
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Predominant RT mutations included M41L, T215C or S, and K103N.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2015
HIV medicine
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