Abstract: The following variables were significantly associated (p<0.05) to failure with multivariate analysis: WS, log peak of HIV-RNA, IAS mutations: L33F, I54AMV, Q58E, and non-IAS mutation: N37DES.
Emergence of multiclass drug-resistance in HIV-2 in antiretroviral-treated individuals in Senegal: implications for HIV-2 treatment in resouce-limited West Africa.
Result: Naturally occurring HIV-2 PR polymorphisms that are associated with PI resistance in HIV-1 were common; major (V32I/L, M46I/V, and I47V) and minor (L10V/I, E35G/R, Q58E, A71V/I, and G73A/T) PI resistance mutations were found in all 23 patients.
GRL-02031, a novel nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) containing a stereochemically defined fused cyclopentanyltetrahydrofuran potent against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.
PMID: 18955518
2009
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Upon selection of HIV-1(NL4-3) in the presence of GRL-02031, mutants carrying L10F, L33F, M46I, I47V, Q58E, V82I, I84V, and I85V in the protease-encoding region and G62R (within p17), L363M (p24-p2 cleavage site), R409K (within p7), and I437T (p7-p1 cleavage site) in the gag-encoding region emerged.
Tipranavir-ritonavir genotypic resistance score in protease inhibitor-experienced patients.
PMID: 18625773
2008
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Mutations at six residues were associated with a lower VR (E35D/G/K/N, M36I/L/V, Q58E, Q61D/E/G/H/N/R, H69I/K/N/Q/R/Y, and L89I/M/R/T/V), and one mutation was associated with a higher VR (F53L/W/Y).
Abstract: The genotypic score M36I/L/V-53L/W/Y + Q58E + H69I/K/N/Q/R/Y + L89I/M/R/T/V was selected as providing a strong association with VR.
Impact on replicative fitness of the G48E substitution in the protease of HIV-1: an in vitro and in silico evaluation.
PMID: 18545158
2008
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: These simulations documented that the G48E mutant interacted with PI resistance mutations (M46I, I54V, Q58E, and L63P) and with natural polymorphisms specific to subtype A1 (E35D, M36I, and R57K) that were present in the patient's virus.
HIV-1 subtype B protease and reverse transcriptase amino acid covariation.
Result: The mutations included in this analysis were the 22 positively associated mutations in Table 1 and 13 additional clinically relevant PI-resistance mutations (L10F, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V/L, F53L, I54L/M, Q58E, L76V, V82T, and N88S).
Figure: Includes the 22 mutations obtained from the mutation pairs with the highest positive association (Table 1) in bold, and 13 additional clinically relevant protease inhibitor resistance mutations (L10F, V32I,
Tipranavir: a new protease inhibitor for the treatment of antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected patients.
PMID: 17425479
2007
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
Abstract: The TPV mutation score includes L10V, I13V, K20M/R/V, L33F, E35G, M36I, K43T, M46L, I47V, I54A/M/V, Q58E, H69K, T74P, V82L/T, N83D and I84V.
Virological responses to atazanavir-ritonavir-based regimens: resistance-substitutions score and pharmacokinetic parameters (Reyaphar study).
Abstract: The Reyaphar score included 12 baseline protease substitutions from the International AIDS Society USA list that were associated with poorer VR: L10I/F/R/V, K20I/M/R, L241, M461/L, 154L/M/T/V, L63P, A71I/L/V/T, G73A/C/F/T, V771, V82A/F/S/T, 184V, L90M and the polymorphism substitution Q58E.
In vitro development of resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor GW640385.
PMID: 16495277
2006
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Variants characterized included one with <4-fold resistance and amino acid substitutions Q58E/A71V (protease) and P452K (Gag) and one with >50-fold resistance and amino acid substitutions L10F/G16E/E21K/A28S/M46I/F53L/A71V (protease) and L449F/P453T (Gag).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2010
AIDS (London, England)
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