literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Mechanism of resistance to GS-9148 conferred by the Q151L mutation in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

PMID: 21402840 2011 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Abstract: Q151L is not stably selected by any of the approved nucleoside or nucleotide analogues; however, it may be a transient intermediate that leads to the related Q151M mutation, which confers resistance to multiple compounds that belong to this class of RT inhibitors.

Drug resistance mutations in patients infected with HIV-2 living in Spain.

PMID: 21558334 2011 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: In 24 antiretroviral-experienced patients with virological failure the most frequent major RT resistance mutations were M184V (58%), Q151M (33%) and K65R (21%), which are rarely seen thymidine analogue mutations.

Resistance patterns selected by nevirapine vs. efavirenz in HIV-infected patients failing first-line antiretroviral treatment: a bayesian analysis.

PMID: 22132100 2011 PloS one

Method: RT mutations were identified from the International AIDS Society USA Drug (IAS-USA) mutation tables, spring 2008 (http://www.iasusa.org/resistance_mutations): M41L, K65R, D67N, insertion 69, K70R/E, L74I/V, L100I, K103N, V106A/M, V108I, Q151M, Y181I/C, M184V, Y188C/L, G190A/S, L210W, T215Y/F,

PMID: 21725248 2011 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Abstract: M184V/I was the most common nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutation at 77.6%, the mutation rate for >=3 thymidine analogue mutations, Q151M, and K65R were 33%, 12%, and 9%, respectively.

Unnecessary antiretroviral treatment switches and accumulation of HIV resistance mutations; two arguments for viral load monitoring in Africa.

PMID: 21694603 2011 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Abstract: NRTI cross-resistance was observed in 48.0% of 183 specimens available for genotypic analysis, comprising >=2 TAMs (37.7%), K65R (7.1%), K70E (3.3%), or Q151M (3.3%).

Abstract: Logistic regression assessed factors associated with multiple thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) and NRTI cross-resistance (>=2 TAMs or Q151M or K65R/K70E).

Chemical system biology based molecular interactions to identify inhibitors against Q151M mutant of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

PMID: 21569325 2011 Retrovirology

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The Q151M multi-drug resistance (MDR) pathway in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) confers reduced susceptibility to all nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) excluding tenofovir (TDF).

Abstract: CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a complex interplay between drug susceptibility and replicative fitness in the acquisition Q151M MDR with serious implications for second-line regimen options.

Abstract: However, the virus expressing patient-derived Q151M RT at 37 months demonstrated ~44% replicative capacity of that at 4 months.

Suboptimal adherence associated with virological failure and resistance mutations to first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Bangalore, India.

PMID: 21516199 2011 International health

Introduction: Triple-drug regimens containing lamivudine (3TC) and NNRTI commonly fail with M184V plus one or more NNRTI-associated mutations and subsequent accumulation of thymidine analogue mutations (TAM) and/or, more infrequently, one or more members of the Q151M multinucleoside resistance complex.

High prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance among patients on first-line antiretroviral treatment in Lome, Togo.

PMID: 21663632 2011 Journal of the International AIDS Society

Result: Among the 46 ARV-resistant patients, 25 also harboured the M184V mutation conferring resistance to 3TC/FTC; among them, eight patients were also resistant to the other NRTI drug in their regimen because of the high number of TAMs (n = 4), or the presence of the Q151M (n = 1) or the K65R (n = 3) mutation.

Result: The presence of the K65R also means that tenofovir (TDF) will not be effective when used in the second-line regime, and the Q151M mutation commonly confers multi-drug resistance to NRTIs (AZT, ABC, ddI and d4T).

Table: Q151M

Drug-resistant mutation patterns in CRF01_AE cases that failed d4T+3TC+nevirapine fixed-dosed, combination treatment: Follow-up study from the Lampang cohort.

PMID: 20382184 2010 Antiviral research

Abstract: The exposed group had predominantly thymidine analogue-related mutations, whereas the naive group had a higher prevalence of Q151M and K103N mutations.

HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in children after failure of first-line nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy.

PMID: 20345882 2010 HIV medicine

Abstract: CD4 percentage <15% prior to switching regimens [odds ratio (OR) 5.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.02-14.93] and plasma HIV RNA>5 log(10) copies/mL (OR 2.46; 95% CI 1.04-5.82) were independent predictors of at least four thymidine analogue mutations, the Q151M complex or the 69 insertion.

Abstract: The nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance mutations found were as follows: 85% of the children had M184V/I, 23% had at least four thymidine analogue mutations, 12% had the Q151M complex, 5% had K65R, and 1% had the 69 insertion.

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