Result: Sixteen out of 23 (70%) had NNRTI mutations (Y181C/I/D: 10; K103N: 6; V106A/I: 3; Y188C/L: 2; K101Q/E: 2; M230L: 1; P225H: 1; A98G: 1; V108I: 1; F227L: 1; K238T: 1), and 10 had >1 NNRTI mutation.
Table: P225H
Comparison of 454 Ultra-Deep Sequencing and Allele-Specific Real-Time PCR with Regard to the Detection of Emerging Drug-Resistant Minor HIV-1 Variants after Antiretroviral Prophylaxis for Vertical Transmission.
Result: Twenty-eight NVP-selected mutations (V90I, K101E, K103N/R, V106A/I/M, V108I, E138A/G/K/R, Y181C, Y188C, G190A or P225H) were detected in 19 samples at levels of 1.1% to 99.1%.
Table: P225H
[HPLC enantioseparation, absolute configuration determination and anti-HIV-1 activity of (+/-)-F18 enantiomers].
Abstract: Further investigation revealed that (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 shared a similar anti-HIV activities, however, (R)-F18 was more potent than (S)-F18 against wild-type virus, K101E mutation and P225H mutation pseudoviruses.
The Evolving Genotypic Profile of HIV-1 Mutations Related to Antiretroviral Treatment in the North Region of Brazil.
Result: At the time of the analysis, K103N (p < 0.001) and P225H (p = 0.037) were associated with the first regimen failure, while G190S (p = 0.013) and M230L (p = 0.008) were associated with the second failure.
Result: The K103N mutation (40.6%) and P225H mutation (10.6%) were the most prevalent mutations (Figure 1(b)).
Discussion: The high prevalence of the K103N (40.6%) and the P225H (10.6%) mutations detected was associated with high-level resistance to efavirenz and nevirapine in the first antiretroviral treatment, as was expected.
HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance in Honduras after a Decade of Widespread Antiretroviral Therapy.
Characterization of two HIV-1 infectors during initial antiretroviral treatment, and the emergence of phenotypic resistance in reverse transcriptase-associated mutation patterns.
Discussion: It is reported that a differential genetic barrier was found for V106M, V108I, P225H in different HIV-1 subtypes for NNRTI resistance-related substitutions.
HIV-1 subtype characteristics of infected persons living in southwestern Greece.
Result: The 22 cases experiencing virologic failure presented with the following DRMs: M46I, F53LY, I54LTV, G73ST, L76V, V82AT, I84V, I185V, N88D, and L90M for PIs; L100I, K103NS, V179F Y181C, G190AS, V106A, K103N, and P225H for NNRTIs; and
Drug resistance in children at virological failure in a rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, cohort.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2015
PloS one
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