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 HIV mutation literature information.


  Drug Resistance Mechanism of M46I-Mutation-Induced Saquinavir Resistance in HIV-1 Protease Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Binding Energy Calculation.
 PMID: 35458427       2022       Viruses
Introduction: The study reported by Bastys et al., (2020) studied the effect of M46I and other background mutation(s) on the drug resistance potential of N88S and L76V and primary mutations in HIV-1 protease.


  Detection of Gag C-terminal mutations among HIV-1 non-B subtypes in a subset of Cameroonian patients.
 PMID: 35082353       2022       Scientific reports
Introduction: Following the Stanford algorithm (mutation list), minor resistance mutations (L10F, V11I, K20TV, L23I, L33F, K43T, F53L, Q58E, A71IL, G73STCA, T74P, N83D, and L89V) are assumed to have ancillary roles such as compensation for lower efficiency of proteolysis caused by major mutations; major resistance mutations (V32I, M46IL, I47VA, G48VM,  PMID: 34897227       2022       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Table: N88S


  Prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in treatment-experienced patients in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-sectional study.
 PMID: 34622871       2021       Medicine
Result: This study found no atazanavir resistance mutations (I50L, I84 V, or N88S).


  Temporal Trends in HIV-1 Mutations Used for the Surveillance of Transmitted Drug Resistance.
 PMID: 34064774       2021       Viruses
Result: N88S decreased in prevalence among PI-naive persons while no other mutations changed in prevalence among PI-naive persons.


  Non-active site mutants of HIV-1 protease influence resistance and sensitisation towards protease inhibitors.
 PMID: 32430025       2020       Retrovirology
Abstract: N88S and L76V, do not only induce resistance to the currently administered drugs, but contrarily induce sensitivity towards other drugs.
Abstract: Finally, we show that L76V and N88S changes the hydrogen bond stability of these residues with residues D30/K45 and D30/T31/T74, respectively.
Abstract: In this study, mutations N88S and L76V, along with three other resistance-associated mutations, M46I, I50L, and I84V, are analysed by means of molecular dynamics simulations to investigate their role in complexes of the protease with different inhibitors and in different background sequence contexts.


  Trend of HIV-1 drug resistance in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over 17 years (2001-2017).
 PMID: 31922125       2020       EClinicalMedicine
Table: N88D/S


  HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and drug resistance-associated mutations among treatment-naive blood donors in China.
 PMID: 32371875       2020       Scientific reports
Abstract: DRMs were common, with 28 of 179 (15.6%) specimens carrying DRMs, including the PR N88S and RT K103N mutations, which have been implicated in elevated resistance to antiretroviral drugs.
Result: The PI major DRMs included M46L, M46I and N88S.
Table: N88S


  Virologic suppression in patients with a documented M184V/I mutation based on the number of active agents in the antiretroviral regimen.
 PMID: 33014372       2020       SAGE open medicine
Table: N88S


  Prevalence and characteristics of HIV drug resistance among antiretroviral treatment (ART) experienced adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Ndola, Zambia.
 PMID: 32804970       2020       PloS one
Result: The N88S was the only major PI mutation (1.7%) and there were three PI-Accessory mutations of L10LF (1.7%), K20T (1.7%) and Q58E (5.2%).
Table: N88S



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