literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Exploring the drug resistance of V32I and M46L mutant HIV-1 protease to inhibitor TMC114: flap dynamics and binding mechanism.

PMID: 25562662 2015 Journal of molecular graphics & modelling

Method: The PDB entries are: 1T3R for the WT, 2HS1 for the V32I mutant and 2HS2 for the M46L mutant structures.

Result: According to Tables 1 and 2, the binding Gibbs free energies for the binding of TMC114 with two mutants V32I and M46L at two sites (2T) are closer to the experimental results than those binding at only active site (1T).

Result: According to the RMSD average values of the three complexes, V32I-2T complex has a higher mean (1.12 A) than the WT (1.01 A) and M46L-2T mutant (0.96 A), with a respective standard deviation (SD) of 0.21, 0.16 and 0.

Viral Genetic Diversity and Polymorphisms in a Cohort of HIV-1-Infected Patients Eligible for Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Abuja, Nigeria.

PMID: 25582324 2015 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Result: In the PR region, one sample displayed the K43T mutation; another one had the M46L, while a third specimen had K53Y, A71V, and I85V.

Result: The CPR analysis identified the PI mutations M46L, I85V, and F53Y as well as the NRTI mutations M41L and V75M, and the NNRTI mutations K101E,

Discussion: One sample harbored the M46L mutation, which is a primary mutation inducing an intermediate level of resistance to NFV.

HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance and genetic diversity among patients from Piaui State, Northeast Brazil.

PMID: 25649362 2015 Journal of medical virology

Abstract: Singleton mutations to protease-inhibitor/PI, nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor/NRTI or non-nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor/NNRTI predominated (8/10): PI mutations (M46L, V82F, L90M); NRTI mutations (M41L, D67N) and NNRTI mutations (K103N/S).

Epidemiological and molecular characteristics of HIV infection among money boys and general men who have sex with men in Shanghai, China.

PMID: 25653132 2015 Infection, genetics and evolution

Abstract: Two CRF01_AE subtype-infected participants (3.8%), a 50years old MB and a 24years old general MSM, harbored viruses with a M46L mutation conferring resistance to protease inhibitors (PI).

Result: Both were of CRF01_AE subtype with PI-related major mutation, M46L, which confers resistance to nelfinavir (NFV) and other protease inhibitors.

Global HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial.

PMID: 25711326 2015 HIV medicine

Abstract: The most frequent TDR mutations observed were M41L, D67N/G/E, T215F/Y/I/S/C/D/E/V/N, 219Q/E/N/R, K103N/S, and G190A/S/E in reverse transcriptase, and M46I/L and L90M in protease.

Result: Similarly, M46IL (42%; 22/52) and L90M (25%; 13/52) were the most common PI mutations.

Discussion: Overall, transmitted protease resistance mutations were identified less frequently, with M46IL and

Geographic and temporal trends in the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance: an individual-patient- and sequence-level meta-analysis.

PMID: 25849352 2015 PLoS medicine

Result: M46I/L, I85V, and L90M were the four most common PI SDRMs in SSA and SSEA, and among the six most common SDRMs in all regions.

Result: M46L was not associated with a region, accounting for 21% (24 of 117), 18% (14 of 79), 10% (16 of 156), and 12% (114 of 986) of PI SDRMs in SSA, SSEA, Latin America/Caribbean, and the pooled upper-income countries, respectively (S6 Table).

Result: In all regions, the proportion of PI-treated individuals with M46L or I85V divided by the number of ARV-naive individuals with these SDRMs was much lower than the same proportion for all other commonly occurring SDRMs.

Single Genome Analysis for the Detection of Linked Multiclass Drug Resistance Mutations in HIV-1-Infected Children After Failure of Protease Inhibitor-Based First-Line Therapy.

PMID: 25923117 2015 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Abstract: In one child, the majority species contained M184V in reverse transcriptase linked to L10F, M46I/L, I54V, and V82A in Result: M46L could have been present at baseline given that only 1/32 genomes contained this mutation at week 96 (P = 0.457, Fisher's exact test of the proportion of sequences with M46L at baseline versus week 96 of ART).

Discussion: Age adjusted full-dose RTV can select M46I, I54V, and V82A in children, as well as L10F, M46L, and Q58E in adults.

Epidemiological Surveillance of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Spain in 2004-2012: Relevance of Transmission Clusters in the Propagation of Resistance Mutations.

PMID: 26010948 2015 PloS one

Result: Among the 44 sequences with TDR to PIs, the most common mutations were L90M (47.7%), M46L/I (33.3%), I54V/T (21.4%), and V82A (19%).

Result: It is noteworthy that several major mutations associated to high level resistance to NRTIs (K65R, L74V, Y115F, M184V and T215Y), to NNRTIs (l100I, K101E, K103N/S, V106M, Y181C, Y188L and G190A) and

The L33F darunavir resistance mutation acts as a molecular anchor reducing the flexibility of the HIV-1 protease 30s and 80s loops.

PMID: 29124158 2015 Biochemistry and biophysics reports

Method: MDR769 L33F is based on the previously studied multi-drug resistant variant 769, MDR769, which contains the mutations Q7K, L10I, M36V, M46L, I54V, I62V, L63P, A71V, V82T, I84V, L90M.

Structural studies on molecular mechanisms of Nelfinavir resistance caused by non-active site mutation V77I in HIV-1 protease.

PMID: 26695135 2015 BMC bioinformatics

Introduction: L23I, D30N, E35G, M46I/L/V, G48V, I54L, G73S/T/C/A, T74S, V82A/F/S/T, I84V, N88D/S and L90M are other mutations correlated to NFV resistance.

Introduction: The other mutations which were co-occurring with DBM and TPM included major mutations like- M46IL, I54MV, I84V, L90M, N88S, V32I,

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