Genotypic resistance analysis of the virological response to fosamprenavir-ritonavir in protease inhibitor-experienced patients in CONTEXT and TRIAD clinical trials.
PMID: 18852278
2008
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: The JT procedure led to selecting the CONTEXT/TRIAD genotypic set of mutations, I15V, M46I/L, I54L/M/V, D60E, L63P/T, and I84V, as providing the strongest association with the VR (P = 1.45 x 10(-11)).
Low prevalence of drug-resistant HIV-1 in patients newly diagnosed with early stage of HIV infection in Korea.
PMID: 18987460
2008
The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine
Abstract: The resistant mutation of reverse-transcriptase gene was found at E44D, and the major resistant mutation of protease gene was found at M46L.
Association of Gag cleavage sites to protease mutations and to virological response in HIV-1 treated patients.
Abstract: Two patterns of mutations in the protease were identified: (M46I/L, I54V, V82A/T/F) was associated to the A431V and (K20I/R/M, L89M/I) to the S373Q and L449P.
A novel substrate-based HIV-1 protease inhibitor drug resistance mechanism.
Result: In three of the experiments we observed an A431V amino acid substitution in the NC/p1 cleavage site, combined with known resistance substitutions in protease (V32I, M46I/L, I54V, V82A/F, and I84V).
Interpretation of genotype and pharmacokinetics for resistance to fosamprenavir-ritonavir-based regimens in antiretroviral-experienced patients.
PMID: 17296739
2007
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: The Zephir mutation score included 12 IAS protease mutations associated with poorer virological response: L10I/F/R/V, L33F, M36I, M46I/L, I54L/M/T/V, I62V, L63P, A71I/L/V/T, G73A/C/F/T, V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90M, and polymorphism mutations I13V, L19I, K55R, and L89M.
Tipranavir: a new protease inhibitor for the treatment of antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected patients.
PMID: 17425479
2007
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
Abstract: The TPV mutation score includes L10V, I13V, K20M/R/V, L33F, E35G, M36I, K43T, M46L, I47V, I54A/M/V, Q58E, H69K, T74P, V82L/T, N83D and I84V.
HIV-1 subtype B protease and reverse transcriptase amino acid covariation.
Abstract: Different patterns of covariation were frequently observed for different mutations at the same position including the RT mutations T69D versus T69N, L74V versus L74I, V75I versus V75M, T215F versus T215Y, and K219Q/E versus K219N/R, and the protease mutations M46I versus M46L, I54V versus I54M/L, and N88D versus N88S.
Result: For example,
Changing rates and patterns of drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected patients.
PMID: 17678470
2007
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The most frequent PI resistance mutations were L90M (24.3%), V82X (19.9%), M46I/L (19.5%), and I54V (17.1%).
High concordance between HIV-1 drug resistance genotypes generated from plasma and dried blood spots in antiretroviral-experienced patients.
Abstract: Discrepancies were mostly caused by mixtures at minor protease positions or unusual amino acid changes, and in only two cases were caused by major protease (M46L) or reverse transcriptase (K103N) mutations absent in DBS sequences.
HIV type 1 pol gene diversity and antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
PMID: 16478404
2006
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Although at the time of our study ARV use was not yet widespread in DRC, three strains were identified with one major mutation associated with drug resistance: L90M and M46L in protease and K103N in RT.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2008
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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