Abstract: Analysis of p55Gag processing showed that a marked defect in protease activity caused by mutation P81S could only be compensated when K45R and M46I were present.
Abstract: Four mutations in protease (PR) were selected after 25 weeks: two flap mutations (K45R and M46I) and two novel active site mutations (T80I and P81S).
Prevalence of resistance-associated mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive individuals failing HAART in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
PMID: 19219276
2008
The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: The most prevalent resistance mutations were: M184V (60.7%), T215Y (49.6%) and M41L (46.7%) in the RT gene and L90M (19.6%), M46I (16.2%) and D30N (12.8%) in the PR gene.
Association of Gag cleavage sites to protease mutations and to virological response in HIV-1 treated patients.
Abstract: Two patterns of mutations in the protease were identified: (M46I/L, I54V, V82A/T/F) was associated to the A431V and (K20I/R/M, L89M/I) to the S373Q and L449P.
Drug-resistant HIV-1 prevalence in patients newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Japan.
Abstract: Twenty-three cases, including three recently infected patients, were infected with HIV-1 having major drug-resistance mutations, including M41L, D67N, L100I, K103N, V106A, M184I, M184V, L210W, and revertant mutations at the 215 codon in reverse transcriptase and M46I in protease encoding regions.
A novel substrate-based HIV-1 protease inhibitor drug resistance mechanism.
Result: In three of the experiments we observed an A431V amino acid substitution in the NC/p1 cleavage site, combined with known resistance substitutions in protease (V32I, M46I/L, I54V, V82A/F, and I84V).
Interpretation of genotype and pharmacokinetics for resistance to fosamprenavir-ritonavir-based regimens in antiretroviral-experienced patients.
PMID: 17296739
2007
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: The Zephir mutation score included 12 IAS protease mutations associated with poorer virological response: L10I/F/R/V, L33F, M36I, M46I/L, I54L/M/T/V, I62V, L63P, A71I/L/V/T, G73A/C/F/T, V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90M, and polymorphism mutations I13V, L19I, K55R, and L89M.
Genotypic resistance in plasma and peripheral blood lymphocytes in a group of naive HIV-1 patients.
Abstract: Characterization of tipranavir binding to wild-type protease, active site mutants I50V and V82F/I84V, the multidrug-resistant mutant L10I/L33I/M46I/I54V/L63I/V82A/I84V/L90M, and the tipranavir in vitro-selected mutant I13V/V32L/L33F/K45I/V82L/I84V was performed by isothermal titration calorimetry and crystallography.
Genotypic resistance mutations to antiretroviral drugs in treatment-naive HIV/AIDS patients living in Liaoning Province, China: baseline prevalence and subtype-specific difference.
PMID: 17411368
2007
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Three patients (3.3%) had an M46I amino acid substitution in the protease (PR) gene that decreased susceptibility to IDV, RTV, and NFV and one patient (1.1%) had an M184I amino acid substitution in the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene that confers high-level resistance to 3TC and FTC.
HIV-1 subtype B protease and reverse transcriptase amino acid covariation.
Abstract: Different patterns of covariation were frequently observed for different mutations at the same position including the RT mutations T69D versus T69N, L74V versus L74I, V75I versus V75M, T215F versus T215Y, and K219Q/E versus K219N/R, and the protease mutations M46I versus M46L, I54V versus I54M/L, and N88D versus N88S.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2008
Journal of medical virology
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