literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in a large international cohort using next-generation sequencing: results from the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment (START) study.

PMID: 33369017 2021 HIV medicine

Abstract: Using the 2% detection threshold, individual DRMs with the highest prevalence were: PI M46IL (5.5%), RT K103NS (3.5%), RT G190ASE (3.1%), T215ISCDVEN (2.5%), RT M41L (2.2%), RT K219QENR (1.7%) and PI D30N (1.6%).

Result: Estimates of PI TDR are strongly influenced by the M46IL mutation, which was observed in 5.5% of all samples, mostly as low-level v

Molecular Network Analysis Reveals Transmission of HIV-1 Drug-Resistant Strains Among Newly Diagnosed HIV-1 Infections in a Moderately HIV Endemic City in China.

PMID: 35069498 2021 Frontiers in microbiology

Result: Transmitted drug resistance mutations detected in more than 10 cases included PI [Q58E (n = 51) and M46ILV (n = 46)] and NNRTI [K103N (n = 26), Discussion: Although the prevalence of TDR to PIs was as high as 4.1%, the top two mutations (Q58E and M46ILV) to PIs mainly target nelfinavir and TPV/r and have little impact on lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), which is recommended as a second-line therapy in China.

Discussion: However, only two small clusters with M46L (n = 6) were obtained, suggesting that M46I/L is a natural polymorphic mutation of CRF01_AE.

HIV Pretreatment Drug Resistance Trends in Mexico City, 2017-2020.

PMID: 34959542 2021 Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

Result: Other interesting clusters evidencing PDR transmission within the network included cluster PI-1, with 29 nodes, all men with PI resistance and median age 24 (22-28) enrolled across all years; cluster NRTI-1, with 23 nodes, 22 cisgender men and 1 cisgender woman, with median age 22 (10-27) and constant growth across all years; cluster complex-1, with 10 nodes, all men enrolled from 2018 to 2020 and median age 23 (20-30), 60% (6/10) with PI + NRTI + NNRTI resistance and 40% (4/10) with PI + NRTI resistance; and complex-2, with 7 nodes, all men with median age 26 (21-31) sharing PR M46I, L90M,

Polymorphisms and drug resistance analysis of HIV-1 isolates from patients on first line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South-eastern Nigeria.

PMID: 32267869 2020 PloS one

Discussion: M46I/L is a nonpolymorphic PI-selected mutation that reduces susceptibility to indinavir (IDV), nelfinavir (NFV), fosamprenavir (FPV), lopinavir (LPV) and atazanavir (ATV) when present with other mutations.

Pretreatment HIV drug resistance spread within transmission clusters in Mexico City.

PMID: 31819984 2020 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Result: Other frequently shared DRMs included: reverse transcriptase (RT) Y188L (11/175), RT T215S/C (24/175) and protease M46I (19/175), mostly at >=20% within-host frequency; and RT D67N/G/E (56/175) and RT P225H (16/175) as low-frequency variants.

Result: The most frequent PI mutations included M46I/L and L90M.

Drug Resistance Mutations Against Protease, Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors in People Living With HIV-1 Receiving Boosted Protease Inhibitors in South Africa.

PMID: 32265875 2020 Frontiers in microbiology

Result: The most common major PI RAMs observed were M46I and V82A (n = 12; 12%); I54V (n = 10; 10%); I84V and L76V (n = 7; 7%); I47A/V (n = 3; 3%); I50L/V (n = 2; 2%); and V32I (n = 2; 2%) (Table 1).

Discussion: Our findings also showed M46I and V82A RAMs as the most prevalent major PI RAMs.

Discussion: The most common PI RAM reported by was

Prevalence of acquired drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral- experiencing subjects from 2012 to 2017 in Hunan Province of central South China.

PMID: 32183889 2020 Virology journal

Result: The major mutations were I54L (3.83%), V82L (2.84%) and M46I/L (1.53%).

Table: M46I/L

HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease mutations for drug-resistance detection among treatment-experienced and naive HIV-infected individuals.

PMID: 32119691 2020 PloS one

Abstract: M46I and I47V were the most common mutations for PIs, M184V was the most common mutation for the NRTIs, and K103N/S was the most common mutation for NNRTIs.

Result: The most common mutations were M46I and I47V for PIs, M184V for NRTIs, and K103N/S for NNRTIs (Table 6).

Table: M46I

Discussion: M46I and I47V were the most frequent mutations for

PMID: 32105319 2020 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Table: M46I

Trend of HIV-1 drug resistance in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over 17 years (2001-2017).

PMID: 31922125 2020 EClinicalMedicine

Result: Four mutations T69D (NRTI), K103N/S (NNRTI), M46I/L (PI) and L90M (PI) showed significantly different percentages in different subtypes (p < 0.05) (Table 1).

Result: Furthermore, we found a very high proportion (29.4%) of PI mutation M46I/L in ART-naive individuals, significantly higher than that in ART-treated individuals (1.3%).

Result: In contrast, most M46I/L variants in other subtypes were scattered within the strains without this mutation, implying natural polymorphism of HIV-1.

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