Abstract: Singleton mutations to protease-inhibitor/PI, nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor/NRTI or non-nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor/NNRTI predominated (8/10): PI mutations (M46L, V82F, L90M); NRTI mutations (M41L, D67N) and NNRTI mutations (K103N/S).
Viral Genetic Diversity and Polymorphisms in a Cohort of HIV-1-Infected Patients Eligible for Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Abuja, Nigeria.
PMID: 25582324
2015
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Result: Due to the M41L mutation detected in one specimen, the virus would have reduced susceptibility to zidovudine (AZT) and stavudine (d4T).
Result: The CPR analysis identified the PI mutations M46L, I85V, and F53Y as well as the NRTI mutations M41L and V75M, and the NNRTI mutations K101E, K103N, and G190A as Surveillance Drug Resistance Mutations (SDRM).
Result: We also detected NRTI selected mutations M41L, E44D, T6
Antiretroviral-naive and -treated HIV-1 patients can harbour more resistant viruses in CSF than in plasma.
PMID: 25344810
2015
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Two mutations appeared statistically more prevalent in the CSF than in plasma: M41L (P=0.0455) and T215Y (P=0.0455).
Infection with the frequently transmitted HIV-1 M41L variant has no influence on selection of tenofovir resistance.
PMID: 25261422
2015
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: CONCLUSIONS: Detection of a single M41L reverse transcriptase mutation at baseline did not influence the development of resistance in vitro or virological outcome on tenofovir-containing regimens in patients belonging to a large transmission cluster.
Abstract: In such transmitted HIV-1 variants, the thymidine analogue mutation (TAM) M41L is frequently observed as a single resistance mutation and these viral variants often belong to phylogenetic transmission clusters.
Abstract: In vivo, virological outcome of first-line regimens containing tenofovir and emtricitabine was comparable between patients diagnosed with HIV-1 harbouring M41L (n=17, 16 were part of one transmission cluster) and WT virus (n=248).
Abstract: METHODS: The impact of M41L on the development of drug resistance to tenofovir
The development of drug resistance mutations K103N Y181C and G190A in long term Nevirapine-containing antiviral therapy.
Result: It showed that M41L, D67N, T69D, K70R, and K219R were the most common NRTI mutations that associated with the three NNRTI mutations, K103N, Y181C and G190A.
Table: M41L
Persistence of frequently transmitted drug-resistant HIV-1 variants can be explained by high viral replication capacity.
Abstract: RESULTS: We selected 31 individuals infected with HIV-1 harboring frequently observed TDRM such as M41L or K103N in reverse transcriptase (RT) or M46L in protease.
Abstract: The majority of site-directed mutations (M46I/M46L in protease and M41L, M41L + T215Y and K103N in RT) decreased viral replicative capacity; only protease mutation L90M did not hamper viral replication.
Introduction: Especially thymidine analogue m
[Investigation of HIV-1 primary drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral therapy-naive cases].
Abstract: Detected mutations were as follows: M41L, K70E, M184V, L210W and T215C/D/S, responsible for nucleoside RT inhibitor (NRTI) resistance; K103N/S and Y181C, responsible for non-nucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance; M46L and L90M, responsible for protease inhibitor (PI) resistance.
Use of dolutegravir in two INI-experienced patients with multiclass resistance resulted in excellent virological and immunological responses.
PMID: 25397500
2014
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Table: M41L
Transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive patients in Turkey.
PMID: 25397495
2014
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: However, thymidine analogue resistance mutations (TAMs) determined two distinct genotypic profiles in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: TAM1: M41L, L210W and T215Y, and TAM2: D67N, K70R, K219E/Q, and T215F.
The lysine 65 residue in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase function and in nucleoside analog drug resistance.
Introduction: Several mutations (the thymidine analog mutations, TAM) are required for high-level AZT resistance by excision, and include M41L, D67N, K70R, T215F or Y and K219E or Q.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2015
Journal of medical virology
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