HIV multi-drug resistance at first-line antiretroviral failure and subsequent virological response in Asia.
PMID: 25141905
2014
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Introduction: There are two TAM path
Result: A total of 35 patients had at least 1 TAM, with the following distribution: M41L (16%), D67N (15%), K70R (9%), L210W (11%), T215Y (16%), T215F (11%), K219Q (5%) and K219E (2%).
Result: Figures 1 and 2 show that the most common NRTI RAM was M184V (79/105, 75%), followed by M41L and T215Y (both 17 patients each, 16%), and the most common NNRTI RAM was Y181C (37 patients, 35%), followed by K103N (34 patients, 32%).
Virological failure and HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among naive and antiretroviral pre-treated patients entering the ESTHER program of Calmette Hospital in Cambodia.
Result: The TAM1 pathway was present mostly in pre-treated patients (M41L 4/15, 27.7%; L210W: 3/15, 20%, T215Y/I/Y: 6/15, 40%).
A significant reduction in the frequency of HIV-1 drug resistance in Quebec from 2001 to 2011 is associated with a decrease in the monitored viral load.
Result: DR mutations were found at codons M41L (n = 22), K65R (n = 3), K70R (n = 10), K103N (n = 7), M184V (n = 21) and T215Y/F (n = 22) in 40 specimens (Table 2).
Table: M41L
Figure: wild type; 2, M41L-TTG; 3, M41L-CTG; 4, Discussion: To simplify the development, we chose clade B virus and focused on the following mutations in the RT region: M41L, K65R, K70R, K103N, M184V and T215Y/F.
The lysine 65 residue in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase function and in nucleoside analog drug resistance.
Introduction: Several mutations (the thymidine analog mutations, TAM) are required for high-level AZT resistance by excision, and include M41L, D67N, K70R, T215F or Y and K219E or Q.
Transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive patients in Turkey.
PMID: 25397495
2014
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: However, thymidine analogue resistance mutations (TAMs) determined two distinct genotypic profiles in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: TAM1: M41L, L210W and T215Y, and TAM2: D67N, K70R, K219E/Q, and T215F.
Use of dolutegravir in two INI-experienced patients with multiclass resistance resulted in excellent virological and immunological responses.
PMID: 25397500
2014
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Table: M41L
[Investigation of HIV-1 primary drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral therapy-naive cases].
Abstract: Detected mutations were as follows: M41L, K70E, M184V, L210W and T215C/D/S, responsible for nucleoside RT inhibitor (NRTI) resistance; K103N/S and Y181C, responsible for non-nucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance; M46L and L90M, responsible for protease inhibitor (PI) resistance.
Persistence of frequently transmitted drug-resistant HIV-1 variants can be explained by high viral replication capacity.
Abstract: RESULTS: We selected 31 individuals infected with HIV-1 harboring frequently observed TDRM such as M41L or K103N in reverse transcriptase (RT) or M46L in protease.
Abstract: The majority of site-directed mutations (M46I/M46L in protease and M41L, M41L + T215Y and K103N in RT) decreased viral replicative capacity; only protease mutation L90M did not hamper viral replication.
Introduction: Especially thymidine analogue m
The development of drug resistance mutations K103N Y181C and G190A in long term Nevirapine-containing antiviral therapy.
Result: It showed that M41L, D67N, T69D, K70R, and K219R were the most common NRTI mutations that associated with the three NNRTI mutations, K103N, Y181C and G190A.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2014
Journal of the International AIDS Society
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