Increasing proportions of HIV-1 non-B subtypes and of NNRTI resistance between 2013 and 2016 in Germany: Results from the national molecular surveillance of new HIV-diagnoses.
Result: The thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) M41L, K219Q and T215 revertants as well as the non-TAM M184V were among the most frequently transmitted NRTI-resistance mutations (>= 0.5%) (Table 4).
Table: M41L
Characterization of minority HIV-1 drug resistant variants in the United Kingdom following the verification of a deep sequencing-based HIV-1 genotyping and tropism assay.
Result: Most of the minority mutations in viruses from both groups of naive patients were observed in the RT, e.g., M41L, E44D, A62V, K65R, D67N, D67G, V75I, L100I, K103N, K103R, V188I, M184I, L210W, K219Q, Y318F, etc., although a number of minority mutations associated with resistance to PI (L10F, V11I, M46I/
Research on the treatment effects and drug resistances of long-term second-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients from Henan Province in China.
Result: TAM (M41 L, K70R, L210 W, and T215F) and D67N mutations, associated with resistance to TDF, were detected during second-line ART.
Discussion: The K65R mutation causes intermediate/high-level resistance to TDF; use of TAMs (M41 L, K70R, L210 W, T215F) can reduce TDF susceptib
Discussion: show that TAM (M41 L, L210 W, and T215F/Y) and M184I/V mutations related to NRTI drug resistance increased after patients switched to the second-line regimen.
Molecular Antiretroviral Resistance Markers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 of CRF01_AE Subtype in Bali, Indonesia.
Abstract: Molecular marker mutations, which were found in more than 50% of treatment failure patients, were M184V (100%), T215A/Y/F (88.2%), D67N/G (76.5%), and M41L (58.8%).
Result: The result shows that molecular marker mutations, which were found in more than 50% of treatment failure patients, were M184V (100%), T215A/Y/F (88.2%), D67N/G (76.5%), and M41L (58.8%).
Discussion: Molecu
Discussion: Molecular marker mutations in more than 50% of treatment failure patients were M184V, T215A/Y/F, D67N/G, and M41L.
Temporal Patterns and Drug Resistance in CSF Viral Escape Among ART-Experienced HIV-1 Infected Adults.
PMID: 28328546
2017
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: One case classified as CSF escape had multiple thymidine analogue-associated mutations (TAMs; L210W, T215Y, and M41L) in the presence of the M184I mutation (Table 3) on a regimen of abacavir, lamuvidine, and ritonavir-boosted lopinavir, effectively resulting in PI/r monotherapy in the CNS compartment (No.
Result: TAMs were present in 20 of 49 cases (40%), most commonly T215Y, D67N, or M41L (Table 4).
Discussion: Although there has been a declining trend in resistance mutations among HIV+ individuals in resource-rich settings, a 2015 study in ART-experienced patients with plasma HIV-1RNA >50 copies per milliliter showed that 12.5% and 19.8% of individuals had unique CSF resistance mutations to
Fidelity of classwide-resistant HIV-2 reverse transcriptase and differential contribution of K65R to the accuracy of HIV-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptases.
Introduction: Unlike HIV-1, HIV-2 does not develop resistance to nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs) through the excision pathway (involving amino acid substitutions M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y and K219E/Q in the viral RT), but relies exclusively on nucleotide discrimination.
Mutational Correlates of Virological Failure in Individuals Receiving a WHO-Recommended Tenofovir-Containing First-Line Regimen: An International Collaboration.
Method: Because of the possibility that some individuals may have received a thymidine analog before receiving a TDF-containing regimen, as such switches may not have always reported, we excluded from our analysis individuals with sequences containing one or more canonical thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) - M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E.
Etravirine combined with antiretrovirals other than darunavir/ritonavir for HIV-1-infected, treatment-experienced adults: Week 48 results of a phase IV trial.
Result: Emerging NRTI RAMs were M41L, L74V, K219Q (1/49), D67N, M184I, T215Y (2/49), and M184V (3/49).
Commonly Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Reverse-Transcriptase and Protease in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive Patients and Response to Regimens Containing Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate or Tenofovir Alafenamide.
PMID: 28453836
2017
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: Patients with the combination of M41L + L210W + T215rev showed full human immunodeficiency virus RNA suppression while receiving a TDF- or tenofovir alafenamide-containing regimen.
A decade of viral mutations and associated drug resistance in a population of HIV-1+ Puerto Ricans: 2002-2011.
Result: The RT mutations with the highest average frequencies were M184V (47.9%), K103N (42.6%) and M41L (34.2%) (Figs 2 and 5); the three least common RT mutations over the 10-year period were K103T, Y188C and P236L (S1 Table).
Discussion: The third most common RT mutation that we observed-M41L -also confers resistance to NRTIs by helping to restore DNA polymerase activity to RT proteins that have been disabled by other mutations.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2018
PloS one
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