Result: Thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) were most frequently seen, with TAM1 mutations (M41L, L210W and T215Y) being most common.
Changes from 2000 to 2009 in the Prevalence of HIV-1 Containing Drug Resistance-Associated Mutations from Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive, HIV-1-Infected Patients in the United States.
PMID: 29732898
2018
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The most frequently detected IAS-USA-defined DRMs by class were NNRTI: K103N/S (4%), NRTI: M41L (1.5%), and PI: L90M (1%).
Result: The most prevalent NRTI mutation was M41L with 1.5%, 95% CI: 1.1%-1.8%.
High prevalence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance among therapy-naive Burmese entering travelers at Dehong ports in Yunnan, China.
Result: Only one (11.1%) patient showed the TAM 1 (M41L, L210W and T215Y) mutation pathway, and one patient (11.1%) had both pathways.
Result: Thymidine Analog Mutations (TAMs) were found in nine (26.5%) samples, with one or more mutations among M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F e K219Q/E.
Discussion: Additionally, the patient had the L10V, M41L and T215E resistance codons.
Discussion: Although the mutation L10V is an accessory mutation to PI, the mutations M41L and T215E are associated with resistance to NNRTI, and are therefore associated with cross resistance.
Discussion: The
Detection of minority drug resistant mutations in Malawian HIV-1 subtype C-positive patients initiating and on first-line antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 29977795
2018
African journal of laboratory medicine
Result: Other minority mutations including M41L, A62V, D67N, T69D, V75M, T215F and K219E were found in one sample each.
Table: M41L
HIV-1 infection among crack cocaine users in a region far from the epicenter of the HIV epidemic in Brazil: Prevalence and molecular characteristics.
Abstract: Isolates from two participants showed mutations associated with resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) only (M41L, T125C, T125F, M184V), while an isolate from one patient who had received antiretroviral therapy (ART) since 2008 had a mutation associated with resistance to non-NRTI (G190S).
Result: Transmitted drug resistance was identified in one (age 29) ARV-naive female crack user that harbored virus with mutations to NRTI (M41L, T125C).
Discussion: This patient's virus had M41L mutation which is a TAM that usually occu
The HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase A62V Mutation Influences Replication Fidelity and Viral Fitness in the Context of Multi-Drug-Resistant Mutations.
Introduction: In particular, A62V is normally seen in different mutational arrangements, located mostly on the flexible beta3-beta4 loop region of the fingers sub-domain of HIV-1 RT, including the multi-dideoxynucleoside resistant (MDR) Q151M complex (i.e., A62V, V75I, F77L, F116Y, and Q151M) and the T69SSS insertion complex, which has a serine-serine insertion between the amino acid positions 69 and 70 (i.e., M41L, A62V, T69SSS, K70R, and T215Y).
Antiretroviral resistance among HIV-1 patients on first-line therapy attending a comprehensive care clinic in Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya: a retrospective analysis.
PMID: 30061964
2018
The Pan African medical journal
Abstract: Major NRTI mutations were detected in 11 patient samples, which included M184V (n = 6), M41L (n=3), D67N (n=2), K219Q (n=3) and T215F (n=2).
Result: Major NRTI mutations were detected in 11 patient samples, which included M184V (n=6), M41L (n=3), D67N (n=2), K219Q (n=3) and T215F (n=2).
Table: M41L
The High Genetic Barrier of EFdA/MK-8591 Stems from Strong Interactions with the Active Site of Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase.
Introduction: Moreover, we found that nine amino acid substitutions, namely, M41L, D67Delta, T69G, K70R, L74I, V75T, M184V, T215F, and K219Q (in HIV-1EFdAR), were associated with EFdA resistance.
Result: We previously selected an HIV-1EFdAR variant harboring M41L, D67Delta, T69G, K70R, L74I, V75T, M184V, T215F, and K219Q mutations (Figure 2A).
Emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in mothers on treatment with a history of prophylaxis in Ghana.
Discussion: For the mothers who were on ART after prophylaxis in the PMTCT programme, the HIV-1 drug resistance associated mutations seen were dominated by M184 V for NRTIs and Thymidine Analogue-Associated Mutations (TAMS) including M41 L and T215Y; and K103 N with A98G for NNRTIs.
Discussion: Generally, it is known that mutations selected by TAMS confer resistance to internationally approved NRTIs; examples of such TAMS encountered in the study are M41 L, D67N, K70R, L210 W, T215Y/F and K219Q
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2018
AIDS research and therapy
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