literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Antiviral Activity of Tenofovir Alafenamide against HIV-1 with Thymidine Analog-Associated Mutations and M184V.

PMID: 31988104 2020 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Abstract: The susceptibilities to antiviral drugs of site-directed mutants (SDMs) and patient-derived mutants containing combinations of TAMs (M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y, and K219Q) with or without the M184V mutation (TAMs+-M184V) were evaluated using either 5-day multicycle (MC; n = 110) or 2-day single-cycle (SC; n = 96) HIV assays.

Trend of HIV-1 drug resistance in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over 17 years (2001-2017).

PMID: 31922125 2020 EClinicalMedicine

Table: M41L

Pretreatment HIV drug resistance spread within transmission clusters in Mexico City.

PMID: 31819984 2020 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Result: Frequent NRTI DRMs included the thymidine analogue mutations M41L, L210W and T215S.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Viral Load Is Elevated in Individuals With Reverse-Transcriptase Mutation M184V/I During Virological Failure of First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy and Is Associated With Compensatory Mutation L74I.

PMID: 31774913 2020 The Journal of infectious diseases

Method: Because some individuals may have been exposed to thymidine analogs before TDF-containing regimens, we excluded individuals with sequences containing TAMs:M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E.

Genetic diversity and antiretroviral resistance-associated mutation profile of treated and naive HIV-1 infected patients from the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon.

PMID: 31751428 2019 PloS one

Result: Eleven (25%, 11/44) of the RTRM were thymidine analogue mutations (T215FY [2.5%, 6/239], K70R [1.7%, 4/239] and 0.8% (2/239) each of D67N, L210W, M41L, and K219Q/E (Fig 2).

Result: The mutational pattern, D67N-M41L-M184V-L210W-T215F/Y was the most resistant conferring HLR to all drugs in the class, except tenofovir that showed intermediate resistance (IR) (Table 2).

Table: M41L

HIV-1 drug resistance testing is essential for heavily-treated patients switching from first- to second-line regimens in resource-limited settings: evidence from routine clinical practice in Cameroon.

PMID: 30871487 2019 BMC infectious diseases

Abstract: Thymidine-analogue mutations (TAMs)-1 [T215FY (46.53%), M41 L (22.77%), L210 W (8.91%)], with cross-resistance to AZT and TDF, were higher compared to TAMs-2 [D67N (21.78%), K70R (19.80%), K219QE (18.81%)].

Result: Of note, TAMs-1 were predominant (T215F/Y: 46.5%; M41 L: 22.8%; L210 W: 8.9%) and associated with higher levels of resistance to both AZT and TDF; as compared to TAMs-2 that had relatively lower prevalence (D67N: 21.8%; K70R: 19.8%; K219Q/E: 18.8%) and were associated preferentially with AZT/D4T-resistance.

Prevalence and persistence of transmitted drug resistance mutations in the German HIV-1 Seroconverter Study Cohort.

PMID: 30650082 2019 PloS one

Abstract: The longest mean survival times were calculated for the NNRTI mutations K103N (5.3 years, 95% CI 4.2-5.6) and E138A/G/K (8.0 years, 95% CI 5.8-10.2 / 7.9 years, 95% CI 5.4-10.3 / 6.7 years, 95% CI 6.7-6.7) and for the NRTI mutation M41L (6.4 years, 95% CI 6.0-6.7).The long persistence of single TDRMs indicates that onward transmission from AR

Discussion: In our study cohort, the NRTI mutations M41L, L210W, T215C/D/S and K219R, which also occurred in high frequencies among the transmitted NRTI mutations, had calculated mean survival times of between 2.9 and 6.4 years.

Analysis of HIV-1 diversity, primary drug resistance and transmission networks in Croatia.

PMID: 31754119 2019 Scientific reports

Result: Some of these sequences carrying SDRMs: T69D, G190E, K219Q and K219R + M41L belonged to large TCs (Tab

Table: M41L

Figure: For SDRMs T215S; T215S + L210W; K101E; M41L + T215L; V32I + I47V + T215D/E + K103N + L100I (TRIPLE_CLASS_RES) that form local transmission clusters (TCs), above each cluster corresponding SDRMs were noted, meaning that all sequences inside TCs harbour SDRMs.

Drug resistance evolution in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 under long-term antiretroviral treatment-failure in Yunnan Province, China.

PMID: 30621727 2019 Virology journal

Discussion: Two clusters were studied here; TAM-1 (M41 L and T215Y) and TAM-2 (D67N, K70R, and K219Q).

Prevalence of drug resistance mutations among ART-naive and -experienced HIV-infected patients in Sierra Leone.

PMID: 30989237 2019 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Result: The most prevalent RT RAMs were as follows: K103N (n = 24, 40.7%), M184V (n = 17, 28.8%), D67N (n = 9, 15.3%), T215I/F/Y (n = 9, 15.3%) and M41L (n = 7, 11.9%) (Figure 1).

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