HIV mutation literature information.


  New patterns of HIV-1 resistance during HAART.
 PMID: 14616723       2003       Clinical microbiology and infection
Abstract: Nucleoside analog mutations (NAMs) (M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F and K219Q/E) are associated with reduced susceptibility to most nucleoside analogs and the nucleotide tenofovir.
Abstract: This recently approved drug has shown a reduced virologic response in the presence of three or more NAMs, including M41L or L210W, as well as in the presence of T69 insertions.


  Epidemiologic and molecular characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in southern Brazil.
 PMID: 14657764       2003       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: The overall analysis of drug resistance mutations in viruses from treated subjects has highlighted some associations between subtypes and particular mutations, such as V82A/F/T/S in protease and subtype F1 and M41L and L210W in RT and subtype B.


  Prevalence of drug resistance mutations and non-B subtypes in newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients in Denmark.
 PMID: 14723353       2003       Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: Resistance mutations in the RT-gene associated with NRTI-resistance were found in 1 patient, who was infected with zidovudine resistant HIV-1 harbouring the M41L mutation in combination with T215S and L210S.


  A review of HIV-1 resistance to the nucleoside and nucleotide inhibitors.
 PMID: 14754429       2003       Current drug targets. Infectious disorders
Abstract: There are several major genetic mutational patterns of resistance and cross-resistance that evolve with the NRTIs including the thymidine analog mutations M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y, and K219Q/E/W, the non-thymidine mutations M184V, L74V, and K65R, and the multidrug resistant Q151M complex, as well as others.


  Efficacy and safety of stavudine plus didanosine in asymptomatic HIV-infected children with plasma HIV RNA below 50,000 copies per milliliter.
 PMID: 11819180       2002       HIV clinical trials
Abstract: However, four children developed AZT-like mutations T215Y and/or M41L.


  Discordance between genotypic and phenotypic drug resistance profiles in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
 PMID: 11825939       2002       Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: The most frequent resistance mutations were M184V (18 isolates) and M41L (7 isolates).


  [Mutations of resistance of HIV-1 in previously untreated patients at penitentiary centers of the Autonomous Community of Valencia, Spain. REPRICOVA study].
 PMID: 11882275       2002       Medicina clinica
Abstract: With regard to NIRT, 7 samples (5.2% of total) showed some mutation of resistance: M41L, D67N, L210W and K219Q, all them secondary to and associated with resistance to zidovudine, abacavir as well as group B multinucleoside-resistance.


  Broad nucleoside-analogue resistance implications for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse-transcriptase mutations at codons 44 and 118.
 PMID: 11920313       2002       The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: As expected, E44A/D and V118I mutations were strongly associated with M41L, D67N, L210W, and T215Y but also with other mutations, including K43E/N/Q, T69D, V75M, H208Y, R211K, and K219R.


  Frequency of mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients in Korea.
 PMID: 11923351       2002       Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: The frequencies of K70R, T215S/Y/F (i.e., mutation of T at codon 215 to S, Y, or F), D67N/E, K219Q, T69N/S/A, M41L, and L210W mutations conferring resistance to zidovudine were 57.6, 36.4, 36.4, 27.2, 24.2, 21.2, and 12.1%, respectively.


  Prevalence of genotypic resistance in untreated HIV patients in Spain.
 PMID: 12072945       2002       European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases
Abstract: Primary mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene were found in two (2.2%) samples: M41L, K70R and M184 V were found in one sample and K70R in another.



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