literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in a large international cohort using next-generation sequencing: results from the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment (START) study.

PMID: 33369017 2021 HIV medicine

Abstract: Using the 2% detection threshold, individual DRMs with the highest prevalence were: PI M46IL (5.5%), RT K103NS (3.5%), RT G190ASE (3.1%), T215ISCDVEN (2.5%), RT M41L (2.2%),

Result: The T215 revertants and, to a lesser extent, M41L were mostly high-level variants representing the majority of the quasispecies.

Result: The most common NRTI DRMs were T215 revertants (2.5%), M41L (2.2%), and K219QENR (1.7%).

Switching to Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Adults With HIV and M184V/I Mutation.

PMID: 33315694 2021 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Table: M41L

Characterizing HIV-1 Genetic Subtypes and Drug Resistance Mutations among Children, Adolescents and Pregnant Women in Sierra Leone.

PMID: 34573296 2021 Genes

Result: The most prevalent RT RAMs among children and adolescents and their relative proportions were as follows: M184V (76.6%, n = 49/64), K103N (45.3%, n = 29/64), Y181C/V/I (28.1%, n = 18/64), T215F/Y (25.0%, n = 16/64), V108I (18.8%, n = 12/64), A98G (15.6%, n = 10/64), G190A (12.5%, n = 8), K101E/H (12.5%, n = 8), M41L (10.9%, n = 7/64), L74I/V (10.9%, n = 7/64), and H221Y (10.9%, n = 7/64) (Figure 1a,b).

Distribution characteristics of drug resistance mutations of HIV CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC from patients under ART in Ganzhou, China.

PMID: 34402512 2021 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: The most common DRMs of these three subtypes were K103N and M184V, while the mutation frequencies of M41L, D67N, K70R, K101E, V106M, Y181C, K219E, H221Y and N348I were obviously different among subtypes.

Transmitted drug resistance and transmission clusters among HIV-1 treatment-naive patients in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional study.

PMID: 34488793 2021 Virology journal

Discussion: The most frequent NRTI-associated mutations in our study were M184V and L210W, while they are M41L and D67G in Southwest China and T215C/D in Iceland and the south-central United States.

Correlation of HIV-1 drug resistant mutations and virologic failure.

PMID: 34584606 2021 The Pan African medical journal

Introduction: These mutations included M184V, K65R,D67N,K70R,K219Q,Q151M, T215F, M41L, T69N, V75M, M41L, T69N, V75M, D67G, V75M, M184I, T215N, M41LM, T215N, K219N,210W, T215Y as NRTIs

Table: M41L

Genetic Diversity and Acquired Drug Resistance Mutations Detected by Deep Sequencing in Virologic Failures among Antiretroviral Treatment Experienced Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Patients in a Pastoralist Region of Ethiopia.

PMID: 34819737 2021 Infection and drug resistance

Discussion: In consistent with this study, quite a number of global and regional genetic analyses of HIV-1 have unanimously reported that the most globally prevalent NRTI resistance mutations is M184V followed by thymidine analog-associated mutations (TAM) including M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F and K219Q/E, and, the most prevalent NNRTI was K103N.

HIV Pretreatment Drug Resistance Trends in Mexico City, 2017-2020.

PMID: 34959542 2021 Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

Result: Other interesting clusters evidencing PDR transmission within the network included cluster PI-1, with 29 nodes, all men with PI resistance and median age 24 (22-28) enrolled across all years; cluster NRTI-1, with 23 nodes, 22 cisgender men and 1 cisgender woman, with median age 22 (10-27) and constant growth across all years; cluster complex-1, with 10 nodes, all men enrolled from 2018 to 2020 and median age 23 (20-30), 60% (6/10) with PI + NRTI + NNRTI resistance and 40% (4/10) with PI + NRTI resistance; and complex-2, with 7 nodes, all men with median age 26 (21-31) sharing PR M46I, L90M,

Prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in treatment-experienced patients in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-sectional study.

PMID: 34622871 2021 Medicine

Result: K65R/E/N and K70E mutations conferred resistance to TDF and M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E conferred resistance to AZT.

Result: M184 V/I 87 (28.8%), K65R/E/N 27 (8.9%), L74 V 3 (1.0%), and Y115F 12 (4.0%) were the mutations conferring resistance to NRTIs, along with thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) M41L 14 (4.6%), D67N 17 (5.6%), K70R 20 (6.6%), L210W

Prevalence of acquired drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral- experiencing subjects from 2012 to 2017 in Hunan Province of central South China.

PMID: 32183889 2020 Virology journal

Result: The most common primary NRTI mutations detected included M184V (62.04%), K65R (20.24%), K70R (15.01%), T215D/S (9.41%), Y115F (7.22%) and M41L (6.35%).

Table: M41L

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