literature

HIV mutation literature information.

HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance in children during antiretroviral therapy in Brazil.

PMID: 33788308 2021 Journal of medical virology

Abstract: The most common primary mutations found were M184V (29.5%), K103N (25%), M41L (9.8%), T215Y (8.3%), and G190A (8.3%).

HIV drug resistance and HIV transmission risk factors among newly diagnosed individuals in Southwest China.

PMID: 33557775 2021 BMC infectious diseases

Result: Patients infected with the CRF01_AE subtype were the most likely to develop NRTI-associated mutations; the most common mutations were M41L (0.17%) and D67G (0.17%).

Transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in a large international cohort using next-generation sequencing: results from the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment (START) study.

PMID: 33369017 2021 HIV medicine

Abstract: Using the 2% detection threshold, individual DRMs with the highest prevalence were: PI M46IL (5.5%), RT K103NS (3.5%), RT G190ASE (3.1%), T215ISCDVEN (2.5%), RT M41L (2.2%),

Result: The T215 revertants and, to a lesser extent, M41L were mostly high-level variants representing the majority of the quasispecies.

Result: The most common NRTI DRMs were T215 revertants (2.5%), M41L (2.2%), and K219QENR (1.7%).

Switching to Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Adults With HIV and M184V/I Mutation.

PMID: 33315694 2021 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Table: M41L

HIV Pretreatment Drug Resistance Trends in Mexico City, 2017-2020.

PMID: 34959542 2021 Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

Result: Other interesting clusters evidencing PDR transmission within the network included cluster PI-1, with 29 nodes, all men with PI resistance and median age 24 (22-28) enrolled across all years; cluster NRTI-1, with 23 nodes, 22 cisgender men and 1 cisgender woman, with median age 22 (10-27) and constant growth across all years; cluster complex-1, with 10 nodes, all men enrolled from 2018 to 2020 and median age 23 (20-30), 60% (6/10) with PI + NRTI + NNRTI resistance and 40% (4/10) with PI + NRTI resistance; and complex-2, with 7 nodes, all men with median age 26 (21-31) sharing PR M46I, L90M,

Characterizing HIV-1 Genetic Subtypes and Drug Resistance Mutations among Children, Adolescents and Pregnant Women in Sierra Leone.

PMID: 34573296 2021 Genes

Result: The most prevalent RT RAMs among children and adolescents and their relative proportions were as follows: M184V (76.6%, n = 49/64), K103N (45.3%, n = 29/64), Y181C/V/I (28.1%, n = 18/64), T215F/Y (25.0%, n = 16/64), V108I (18.8%, n = 12/64), A98G (15.6%, n = 10/64), G190A (12.5%, n = 8), K101E/H (12.5%, n = 8), M41L (10.9%, n = 7/64), L74I/V (10.9%, n = 7/64), and H221Y (10.9%, n = 7/64) (Figure 1a,b).

Correlation of HIV-1 drug resistant mutations and virologic failure.

PMID: 34584606 2021 The Pan African medical journal

Introduction: These mutations included M184V, K65R,D67N,K70R,K219Q,Q151M, T215F, M41L, T69N, V75M, M41L, T69N, V75M, D67G, V75M, M184I, T215N, M41LM, T215N, K219N,210W, T215Y as NRTIs

Table: M41L

Prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in treatment-experienced patients in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-sectional study.

PMID: 34622871 2021 Medicine

Result: K65R/E/N and K70E mutations conferred resistance to TDF and M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E conferred resistance to AZT.

Result: M184 V/I 87 (28.8%), K65R/E/N 27 (8.9%), L74 V 3 (1.0%), and Y115F 12 (4.0%) were the mutations conferring resistance to NRTIs, along with thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) M41L 14 (4.6%), D67N 17 (5.6%), K70R 20 (6.6%), L210W

Genetic Diversity and Acquired Drug Resistance Mutations Detected by Deep Sequencing in Virologic Failures among Antiretroviral Treatment Experienced Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Patients in a Pastoralist Region of Ethiopia.

PMID: 34819737 2021 Infection and drug resistance

Discussion: In consistent with this study, quite a number of global and regional genetic analyses of HIV-1 have unanimously reported that the most globally prevalent NRTI resistance mutations is M184V followed by thymidine analog-associated mutations (TAM) including M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F and K219Q/E, and, the most prevalent NNRTI was K103N.

Defective Strand-Displacement DNA Synthesis Due to Accumulation of Thymidine Analogue Resistance Mutations in HIV-2 Reverse Transcriptase.

PMID: 32129987 2020 ACS infectious diseases

Abstract: A mutant human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) RT (M41L/D67N/K70R/S215Y) with low strand displacement activity was identified after screening a panel of purified enzymes, including several antiretroviral drug-resistant HIV-1 and HIV-2 RTs.

Abstract: In HIV-1, resistance to zidovudine and other thymidine analogues is conferred b

Abstract: In contrast, mutants D67N/K70R/S215Y and M41L/D67N/K70R/S215Y were the most defective RTs in reactions carried out with nicked and gapped substrates.

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