Conclusion: A genotype resistance test (GRT) in June 2002 (Trugene HIV-1 Genotyping Assay, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics GmbH, Eschborn, Germany) showed extensive resistance in the RT region (M41L, E44D, D67N, V118L, M184V, L210W, and T215Y) and the PR region (L10I, M46L, L63P, V82T, and L90M), and a tropism test in 2013 (envelope glycoprotein (gp)120 V3 loop sequencing) revealed a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) tropic virus with a false positive rate of 91.3% (geno2pheno c
Drug Resistance Mutations Against Protease, Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors in People Living With HIV-1 Receiving Boosted Protease Inhibitors in South Africa.
Result: The M41L mutation occurred in three (3%) patients receiving AZT plus 3TC, and in one (1%) patient receiving 3TC plus ATV/r.
Table: M41L
Prevalence and characteristics of HIV drug resistance among antiretroviral treatment (ART) experienced adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Ndola, Zambia.
Result: Among the NRTI mutations, the most common Thymidine Analogue Mutations (TAM's) were K70RT
Table: M41L
Discussion: In terms of HIVDR to NRTI, the prevalence of any TAMs was at 32.8% and the most common TAM's were K70R/T/Q/N/E (32.8%), K219Q/E (22.4%), D67N (17.2%), T215IT (15.5%) and M41L (5.2%).
Discussion: The high prevalence of individual TAMs (D67N and K70R) or TAMs in combination (M41L with T215Y) reduces susceptibility to Zidovudine (a key drug for most second line regimens).
Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 drug-resistant mutations among adults on first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy in a resource-limited health facility in Busia County, Kenya.
PMID: 33654530
2020
The Pan African medical journal
Table: M41L
[Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance in HIV-infected treatment-naive patients in Chile].
Abstract: The mutations in reverse transcriptase were M41L, L210W, D67N, K70E, M184V, K103N (6.36%, 95% CI 3.5-10.4), G190A, E138A, K101E, and I84V in protease.
Virologic suppression in patients with a documented M184V/I mutation based on the number of active agents in the antiretroviral regimen.
Discussion: Two of these samples had M41L and T215Y TAMs, a combination which further enhances cross-resistance to all US FDA approved NRTIs, a phenomenon known as Multi-NRTI resistance.
Review of Doravirine Resistance Patterns Identified in Participants During Clinical Development.
PMID: 32925358
2020
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Table: M41L
First case of Dolutegravir and Darunavir/r multi drug-resistant HIV-1 in Cameroon following exposure to Raltegravir: lessons and implications in the era of transition to Dolutegravir-based regimens.
PMID: 32843050
2020
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
Conclusion: Detected RAMs were M41L, K70Q, V75I, Q151M, M184V and T215F for NRTI; K103N and V108I for NNRTI; and L10F, K20I, M36I, M46I, I47V, I54L, L63H, L76V, V82S and L89I for PI/r.
Prevalence and determinants of virological failure, genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV in a minority area in China: a population-based study.
ViMRT
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2020
BMC infectious diseases
