Result: The most common NRTI mutation in both the d4T- and TDF-exposed patients was M184V/I (n = 74, 92.5% and n = 72, 90.0% respectively), with M184V as the predominant mutation.
Table: M184V/I
High Efficacy of Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in People with Suppressed HIV and Preexisting M184 V/I.
PMID: 25666155
2015
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: The presence of R263K and M184I/V in a single virus resulted in substantial further decreases in the viral replicative capacity compared to that in the presence of single substitutions alone.
Abstract: We investigated the effect of combining the dolutegravir-specific R263K integrase resistance substitution with either M184I or M184V, two reverse transcriptase drug resistance substitutions that are frequently detected in individuals failing therapeutic regimens containing either lamivudine or emtricitabine.
Global HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial.
Result: The M184VI (associated with lamivudine and emtricitabine exposure) and K65R (associated with didanosine, abacavir, and tenofovir exposure) mutations were not detected in any samples.
Discussion: However, the M184VI can be transmitted and may be linked with other RAMs, but tends to wane over time due to overgrowth of more fit wild-type virus.
Discussion: Of note, in this patient population we did not observe transmitted NRTI resistance with M184VI.
Discussion: Studies employing more sensitive methods of detecting RAMs such as ultra-deep sequencing have found the M184VI in treatment-naive chronically infected individuals with TDR.
AZT resistance alters enzymatic properties and creates an ATP-binding site in SFVmac reverse transcriptase.
Result: This is similar to the results shown with the substitutions K65R and M184V/I in HIV-1 RT revealing an inverse correlation between fidelity and processivity or activity of the RT.
Geographic and temporal trends in the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance: an individual-patient- and sequence-level meta-analysis.
Result: L74I (4.4%; eight of 184), V75M (8.2%; 15 of 184), and M184I (3.8%; seven of 184) accounted for a higher proportion of the NRTI SDRMs in SSEA than in other regions (<2% for each mutation in each of the other regions; p < 0.001).
Result: Predicted lamivudine resistance was usually high-level, caused by M184V/I.
Prediction of drug-resistance using genotypic and docking analysis among anti-retroviral therapy naive and first-line treatment failures in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract: The mutations of I135R/T/V/X, L178 I/M, M184V/I, D67N, K70R, and K103N were the most common among these 23 patients.
Epidemiological Surveillance of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Spain in 2004-2012: Relevance of Transmission Clusters in the Propagation of Resistance Mutations.
Result: The M184V/I major resistance mutation was detected in 8 (10.1%) of the 79 sequences.
Table: M184V/I
Analysis of early resistance development at the first failure timepoint in elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-treated patients.
PMID: 26108607
2015
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: M184V/I in RT was the first mutation to appear in many cases (n = 6) and was then followed by additional mutations in RT and IN.
Abstract: No case with development of resistance to the IN strand-transfer inhibitor prior to the development of M184V/I was detected.
Drug resistance mutations 18 months after discontinuation of nevirapine-based ART for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Malawi.
PMID: 26111981
2015
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: RESULTS: Seven out of 42 (16.7%) women studied had archived drug resistance at Month 24 [six cases had NNRTI-associated mutations and two cases the M184I mutation].
Resistance against Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors and Relevance to HIV Persistence.
Introduction: Importantly, the M184I substitution was transiently detected within the HIV integrated DNA from one individual undergoing RAL intensification, an observation that confirmed that RAL use does not protect against the emergence of viruses that are resistant against NRTIs.
Introduction: In particular, the combination of N155H in integrase with M184M/I/V in reverse transcriptase was commonly observed.
Introduction: Less frequently, the K65R substitution in Table: M184I/V
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2015
PloS one
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