Abstract: In RPV VFs, E138K+M184I remained the most frequent combination.
Evaluation of WHO immunologic criteria for treatment failure: implications for detection of virologic failure, evolution of drug resistance and choice of second-line therapy in India.
PMID: 23735817
2013
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Method: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations included in this analysis were as follows: M184V, M184I and M184V/I for lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC) resistance; K65R and K70E, associated with tenofovir (TDF) resistance; thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y, T215F, K219Q, and K219 E, associated with resistance to multiple NRTIs; and multinucleoside mutations, including the
Development of Novel Dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidine Derivatives as HIV-1 NNRTIs to Overcome the Highly Resistant Mutant Strains F227L/V106A and K103N/Y181C.
PMID: 23749952
2013
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: K65R, K103N and M184V/I mutation frequencies were determined each year.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of the K65R, K103N and M184V/I resistance mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) region in HIV-1-infected patients failing antiretroviral-based regimens between the years 2005 and 2010.
Abstract: RESULTS: Among 9586 patients failing their antiretroviral-based regimens from 2005 to 2010, the prevalence of K65R tended to decrease (P = 0.054), while K103N and M184V/I mutation frequencies decreased significan
Resistance to tenofovir-based regimens during treatment failure of subtype C HIV-1 in South Africa.
Abstract: By sequencing, the K65R was identified in 5 (12%), major non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations in 24 (57%) and the M184V/I in 12 (28%) patients.
Result: NNRTI mutations were the most common (; 52%), followed by the M184V/I mutation (, 28%; 10 with M184V and 1 with M184I).
Transmitted drug-resistance in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adult population in El Salvador, Central America.
PMID: 23782115
2013
Clinical microbiology and infection
Abstract: All showed only one TDR single-class resistance mutation: M184I (two cases) for NRTI, K101E and K103N for NNRTI and L23I for PI.
Comparisons of Primary HIV-1 Drug Resistance between Recent and Chronic HIV-1 Infection within a Sub-Regional Cohort of Asian Patients.
Abstract: Among those with recent infection, the most common RAMs to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) were M184I/V and T215D/E/F/I/S/Y (1.1%), to non-NRTIs was Y181C (1.3%), and to PIs was M46I (1.5%).
Result: In patients with recent HIV-1 infection, M184I/V and T215D/E/F/I/S/Y were the most common RAMs to NRTIs (1.1% each); Y181C was the most common RAM to NNRTIs (1.3%), and PMID: 23840622
2013
PloS one
Method: Different RT mutations at the same residue were pooled, including the NRTI-resistance mutations D67NG, K70EGQ, L74VI, M184VI, T215YF, K219QE and the NNRTI-resistance mutations K101EH, K103NS, Y188LCH, and G190ASEQ.
Table: M184V/I
Persistence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations.
PMID: 23904291
2013
The Journal of infectious diseases
Table: M184I
HIV-1 drug-resistance surveillance among treatment-experienced and -naive patients after the implementation of antiretroviral therapy in Ghana.
Discussion: Furthermore, nearly half of the cases (45.2%, 14/31) had both NRTI- and NNRTI-resistance mutations (Table 4), a pattern that is consistent with that observed in a recent systematic review on treatment-failure cases in sub-Saharan Africa, where M184V/I, K103N, and T215Y/F mutations predominate.
Population-based monitoring of emerging HIV-1 drug resistance on antiretroviral therapy and associated factors in a sentinel site in Cameroon: low levels of resistance but poor programmatic performance.
Abstract: 4/7 patients with viremia >=1000 copies/ml harbored HIVDR (prevalence: 5.3%; 4/76), with M184V/I (4/4) and K103K/N (3/4) being the most prevalent mutations.
Result: Specifically, the most frequent mutations were M184V/I (4/4) conferring high level resistance to 2 NRTIs (lamivudine and emtricitabine), K103K/N (3/4) conferring high level resistance 2 NNRTIs (nevirapine and efavirenz), while only one mutation to thymidine analogs (mainly zidovudine and stavudine) was identified.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2013
Antiviral therapy
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