literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Persistent minority K103N mutations among women exposed to single-dose nevirapine and virologic response to nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based therapy.

PMID: 19133804 2009 Clinical infectious diseases

Table: M184I

Emergence of multiclass drug-resistance in HIV-2 in antiretroviral-treated individuals in Senegal: implications for HIV-2 treatment in resouce-limited West Africa.

PMID: 19143530 2009 Clinical infectious diseases

Result: In HIV-1, the M184I mutation produces high-level in vitro resistance to 3TC and FTC and low-level resistance to didanosine and abacavir, has been reported in virus strains in both ARV therapy-naive and ARV-treated HIV-2-infected patients, and appears to be under selective pressure to 3TC in HIV-2 in vitro.

Result: The M184I mutation (together with M184V) emerged in a virus strain from 1 patient.

Discussion: However, the authors did find high treatment failure rates, RT mutations M184V/I and Q151M, and the PR mutation L90M in the virus strains from 7 patients who received NRTI- and nelfinavir-based regimens.

Difference in drug resistance patterns between minor HIV-1 populations in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma.

PMID: 19200174 2009 HIV medicine

Abstract: The reverse transcriptase (RT) gene was examined by selective real-time polymerase chain reaction (SPCR), which can detect M184I/V mutants down to 0.2% of the viral population.

Profile of HIV type 1 infection and genotypic resistance mutations to antiretroviral drugs in treatment-naive HIV type 1-infected individuals in Hai Phong, Viet Nam.

PMID: 19239356 2009 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Abstract: We found RT inhibitor-associated major resistance mutations in 7/273 cases (2.6%; one occurrence each of L74I, M184I, and K219E; three cases of K103N; and two cases of G190E).

HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in children who failed non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy.

PMID: 19323038 2009 The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health

Abstract: Thymidine analoque mutations, M184V/I, and Q151M were observed in 38%, 33%, and 5%.

The public health approach to identify antiretroviral therapy failure: high-level nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance among Malawians failing first-line antiretroviral therapy.

PMID: 19417582 2009 AIDS (London, England)

Method: Samples with M184V, M184I, and M184V/I were considered to have 3TC and emtricitabine (FTC) resistance.

Result: The M184Vor M184I mutation was present in virus from 77 patients (81%), although never as the only mutation.

Competitive capacity of HIV-1 strains carrying M184I or Y181I drug-resistant mutations.

PMID: 19493444 2009 Chinese medical journal

Abstract: In the absence of drugs, the ratio of virus carrying the M184I mutation decreased to 5.3%, while wild type virus increased to 94.7%; the ratio of virus carrying Y181I increased to 75%, while wild type virus decreased to 25% after 4 passages.

Abstract: RESULTS: 3TC-resistant (M184I mutation) and NVP-resistant (Y181I mutation) virus should be selected in vitro in two different ways.

Abstract: The competitive replication assay showed that the ratio of virus carrying a M184I mutation increased from 98.8%, while the wild type virus decreased to 1.2% after 4 passages in the presence of 3TC; the percentage of virus carrying the Y181I mutation increased to 90.5%, while wild type virus decreased to 9.5% in the presence of NVP.

Virological efficacy and emergence of drug resistance in adults on antiretroviral treatment in rural Tanzania.

PMID: 19583845 2009 BMC infectious diseases

Abstract: Among those successfully genotyped, the most frequent mutations were M184I/V (64%), conferring resistance to lamivudine, and K103N (27%), Y181C (27%) and G190A (27%), conferring resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), whereas 23% had thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs), associated with cross-resistance to all nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).

Result: The most frequent mutations were M184I/V (n = 14; 64%), conferring resistance to lamivudine, and K103N (n = 6; 27%), Y181C (n = 6; 27%) and G190A

Clinical and genotypic findings in HIV-infected patients with the K65R mutation failing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria.

PMID: 19644383 2009 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Result: Among 21 patients primarily on TDF containing ART, the following mutations were observed: M184V, M184I, S68G, A62V and Y115F and K219E.

Development of HIV-1 drug resistance through 144 weeks in antiretroviral-naive subjects on emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and efavirenz compared with lamivudine/zidovudine and efavirenz in study GS-01-934.

PMID: 19644384 2009 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Abstract: Nine of 22 patients with baseline NNRTI-R experienced virologic failure (FTC + TDF + EFV, n = 4; 3TC + ZDV + EFV, n = 5); seven of nine developed M184V/I and/or additional NNRTI-R, but none developed K65R.

Abstract: Significantly fewer subjects on FTC + TDF + EFV compared with 3TC + ZDV + EFV developed the M184V/I mutation (two versus 10, respectively, P = 0.021).

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