Abstract: DISCUSSION: Our study provides clear evidence of an in-vivo fitness cost associated with the M184V/I mutation independent of drug effects which select for this mutation.
Abstract: However, patients harbouring M184V/I (n = 61) had a significantly lower viral load [adjusted mean difference -0.33 log10 copies/ml (95% CI -0.54 to -0.11), 53% lower (95% CI 22 to 71%), P = 0.002] compared to wild-type virus.
Dynamics of HIV-1 quasispecies during antiviral treatment dissected using ultra-deep pyrosequencing.
Abstract: CONCLUSIONS: With this highly sensitive UDPS protocol preexisting drug resistance was infrequently observed; only M184I, T215A and T215I were detected at very low levels.
Abstract: During treatment failure, M184V replaced M184I and dominated the population in combination with T215Y, while wild-type variants were rarely detected.
Abstract: In four of five pre-treatment samples low levels (0.07-0.09%) of the M184I mutation were observed.
Result: At this time, the M184I mutation had increased from 0.08% to 0.27% in patient 2 and from 0.08% to 63% in patient 5.
Result: However, the M184I mutation was completely replaced by
Mechanistic interplay among the M184I HIV-1 reverse transcriptase mutant, the central polypurine tract, cellular dNTP concentrations and drug sensitivity.
Figure: (A) (-) cPPT HIV-1 vectors containing different percentages of WT RT to M184I RT in a single viral particle (100% M184I, 90% M184I to 10% WT, 50% M184I to 50% WT, 10% M184I to 90% WT, 100% WT) were prepared.
Figure: (A) 3TC dose dependence of the M184I (+) and (-) cPPT vectors in HLFs pretreated with 1mM dN.
Figure: (A) The transduction efficiency of the M184I (+) and (-) cPPT HIV-1 vectors in dividing HLFs in the presence of 50microM 3TC.
Figure: (A) Transduction efficiency of (+) and (-) cPPT M184I vectors in HLFs cultured in 10% serum, 0.2% serum and 0
Partially active HIV-1 Vif alleles facilitate viral escape from specific antiretrovirals.
Abstract: Among these mutations, the lamivudine drug-resistance-associated mutation M184I in reverse transcriptase was detected in 25% of clones in the absence of any lamivudine exposure.
Proteochemometric modeling of the susceptibility of mutated variants of the HIV-1 virus to reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Abstract: The most deleterious mutations were K65R, Q151M, M184V/I, and T215Y/F, each of them decreasing susceptibility to most of the NRTIs.
Result: For example, mutations M184V/I and K65R, which are the most deteriorating for 3TC and FTC, lead to significant increase in susceptibility to AZT, thus suggesting a benefit of combining these inhibitors.
Result: Similarly, mutation M184V/I confers high resistance to the two structurally very similar inhibitors 3TC and FTC; it also affects susceptibility to ABC, DDC, and DDI, but is unimportant or even beneficial for AZT, d4T, and TDF.
Allele-specific real-time PCR testing for minor HIV-1 drug resistance mutations: assay preparation and application to reveal dynamic of mutations in vivo.
Abstract: METHODS: We developed the allele-specific PCR assay, using the most common drug resistance mutations in Chinese AIDS patients, K103N, M184V/I, T215F/Y as a model system.
Abstract: RESULTS: The sensitivities of ASPCR assay were 0.04% for K103N, 0.30% for M184I, 0.40% for M184V, 0.03% for T215F and 0.02% for T215Y.
Selection of drug-resistant HIV-1 during the early phase of viral decay is uncommon in treatment-naive patients initiated on a three- or four-drug antiretroviral regimen including lamivudine.
Abstract: In patients on dual therapy, M184I/V mutants were found frequently.
Abstract: In this study, the extent to which selection of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase M184I/V mutations occur during the initial phase of viral decay in treatment-naive HIV-1 infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) was examined.
Abstract: Plasma virus from three cohorts of treatment-naive patients initiating quadruple (n = 43), triple (n = 14) or dual (n = 15) lamivudine-containing ART were analyzed for M184I/V during the first 6 months of therapy using direct sequencing and a sensitive selective real-time PCR method.
Abstract: Selection of M184I/V mutants was found to be rare during the initial phase of viral decay after initia
High rate of early virological failure with the once-daily tenofovir/lamivudine/nevirapine combination in naive HIV-1-infected patients.
PMID: 19036752
2009
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Resistance genotypes for the nine Group 2 failing patients showed the mutations M184V/I (n = 3), K65R (n = 6), one or more NNRTI resistance mutations in all cases.
Nucleoside and nucleotide analogs select in culture for different patterns of drug resistance in human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2.
PMID: 19064892
2009
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: In HIV-1 subtype B, TFV-3TC and ZDV-3TC selected for M184I and D67N, respectively.
Abstract: In contrast, selections with all four HIV-2 cultures favored the development of M184I in dual-drug combinations that included either 3TC or FTC.
Minority quasispecies of drug-resistant HIV-1 that lead to early therapy failure in treatment-naive and -adherent patients.
Abstract: Minority quasispecies with either the M184V mutation or the M184I mutation were detected in 3 of 18 control patients.
Abstract: The key mutations K65R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, and M184I in the reverse transcriptase were quantified by allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction performed on plasma samples before and during early virological treatment failure.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2010
AIDS (London, England)
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