Drug Resistance Mechanism of M46I-Mutation-Induced Saquinavir Resistance in HIV-1 Protease Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Binding Energy Calculation.
Introduction: The study reported by Bastys et al., (2020) studied the effect of M46I and other background mutation(s) on the drug resistance potential of N88S and L76V and primary mutations in HIV-1 protease.
Detection of Gag C-terminal mutations among HIV-1 non-B subtypes in a subset of Cameroonian patients.
Introduction: Following the Stanford algorithm (mutation list), minor resistance mutations (L10F, V11I, K20TV, L23I, L33F, K43T, F53L, Q58E, A71IL, G73STCA, T74P, N83D, and L89V) are assumed to have ancillary roles such as compensation for lower efficiency of proteolysis caused by major mutations; major resistance mutations (V32I, M46IL, I47VA, G48VM, PMID: 34897227
2022
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Table: L76V
Understanding the co-evolutionary molecular mechanisms of resistance in the HIV-1 Gag and protease.
PMID: 34253143
2021
Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
Abstract: Although A431V was shown to coordinate several residues in PR, the L76V PR mutation was found to have a significant role in substrate recognition.
Abstract: Consequently, a greater binding affinity was observed when the mutated substrate was bound to an L76V-inclusive PR mutant (Gbind: -62.46 +- 5.75 kcal/mol) than without (Gbind: -50.34 +- 6.28 kcal/mol).
Abstract: Here we showed that distinct changes in PR's active site, flap and elbow regions due to several PR resistance mutations (L10F, M46I, I54V, L76V, V82A) were
Acquired HIV-1 Protease Conformational Flexibility Associated with Lopinavir Failure May Shape the Outcome of Darunavir Therapy after Antiretroviral Therapy Switch.
Abstract: The HIV-1 protease variants were from clinical isolates with a combination of drug resistance mutations; MUT-1 (M46I, I54V, V82A, and L10F), MUT-2 (M46I, I54V, L76V, V82A, L10F, and L33F), and MUT-3 (M46I, I54V, L76V, V82A, L90M, and F53L).
Introduction: Research shows that the emergence of V32I, L33F, I4
Prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in treatment-experienced patients in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-sectional study.
First case of Dolutegravir and Darunavir/r multi drug-resistant HIV-1 in Cameroon following exposure to Raltegravir: lessons and implications in the era of transition to Dolutegravir-based regimens.
PMID: 32843050
2020
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
Conclusion: Detected RAMs were M41L, K70Q, V75I, Q151M, M184V and T215F for NRTI; K103N and V108I for NNRTI; and L10F, K20I, M36I, M46I, I47V, I54L, L63H, L76V, V82S and L89I for PI/r.
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease mutations for drug-resistance detection among treatment-experienced and naive HIV-infected individuals.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2022
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