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 HIV mutation literature information.


  HIV-1 genotypes related to failure of nelfinavir as the first protease inhibitor treatment.
 PMID: 16270125       2005       The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: Nucleosides associated with mutations (NAM) were observed in 80% of the tests; no INS69, complex 151, K65R and L74V mutations, which give multi-resistance to nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors to tenofovir and DDI, respectively, were observed.


  Substitutions in the Reverse Transcriptase and Protease Genes of HIV-1 Subtype B in Untreated Individuals and Patients Treated With Antiretroviral Drugs.
 PMID: 19825125       2005       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Table: L74V


  High Prevalence of Abacavir-associated L74V/I Mutations in Kenyan Children Failing Antiretroviral Therapy.
 PMID: 14766874       2004       Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: The greatest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-RNA rebounds were seen in 10 patients harboring an L74V mutation, and the presence of viruses with this mutation rapidly waned.
Abstract: Thus, selection of an L74V mutation during didanosine therapy may compromise HIV replication in vivo.


  Molecular mechanisms of tenofovir resistance conferred by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase containing a diserine insertion after residue 69 and multiple thymidine analog-associated mutations.
 PMID: 14982794       2004       Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: A patient-derived HIV-1 strain (strain FS-SSS) that contained an insertion mutation in a background of additional resistance mutations M41L, L74V, L210W, and T215Y was obtained.


  High Prevalence of Abacavir-associated L74V/I Mutations in Kenyan Children Failing Antiretroviral Therapy.
 PMID: 15044478       2004       The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: Consistent with this result, purified HIV-1 RT carrying K65R RT or K65R/L74V substitutions exhibits an 8-fold resistance to ddATP as judged by pre-steady state kinetics of incorporation of a single nucleotide into DNA.
Abstract: Here we show that recombinant viruses carrying K65R and K65R/L74V display the same resistance level to ddI (about 9.5-fold) relative to wild type.
Abstract: However, the K65R/L74V virus replication capacity is severely impaired relative to that of wild-type virus.


  High Prevalence of Abacavir-associated L74V/I Mutations in Kenyan Children Failing Antiretroviral Therapy.
 PMID: 15051383       2004       Virology
Abstract: Although several nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors select RT mutations K65R and L74V, the combination of 65R + 74V is rare in clinics.
Abstract: Replication kinetic assays revealed that the mutant K65R + L74V is unstable, and 65R-->K reversion occurs during replication of virus in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells in the absence of selection pressure.
Abstract: To analyze the impact of these RT mutations on viral replication, a double mutant containing K65R + L74V was created by site-directed mutagenesis in a pNL4-3 background.


  Primer unblocking by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and resistance to nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs).
 PMID: 15183338       2004       The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology
Abstract: In addition, point mutations conferring resistance to NNRTIs (Y181C and L100I) or NRTIs (K65R, L74V, and M184V) partially resensitize the resistant viruses to AZT by inhibiting ATP-phosphorolysis.


  Primary drug-resistance in HIV-positive patients on initiation of first-line antiretroviral therapy in Germany.
 PMID: 15257882       2004       European journal of medical research
Abstract: 10.5% showed mutations indicating nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor- (NRTI) resistance (M41L, E44D, D67N, T69D/N, L74V, V118I, M184V, L210W, K219Q), 2.8% showed non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance (K103N, V108I, Y181C), and 2.1% showed protease-inhibitor- (PI) associated resistance (


  Genotypic determinants of the virological response to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-experienced patients.
 PMID: 15259894       2004       Antiviral therapy
Abstract: RESULTS: The strongest association with decrease in viral load was observed with a set of seven mutations (TDF mutation score) that consisted of M41L, E44D, D67N, T69D/N/S, L74V, L210W and T215Y/F RT mutations.


  Antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase increase template-switching frequency.
 PMID: 15280484       2004       Journal of virology
Abstract: Several mutations associated with resistance to antiviral nucleoside analogs (K65R, L74V, E89G, Q151N, and M184I) dramatically increased RT template-switching frequencies by two- to sixfold in a single replication cycle.



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