literature

HIV mutation literature information.

HIV-1 Genetic Diversity and Natural Polymorphisms of the Integrase Gene in Integrase Inhibitor-Naive Patients in Harare, Zimbabwe.

PMID: 34714124 2021 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Abstract: No major INSTI resistance mutations were detected; however, the L74I polymorphism was detected in three sequences of the 44 (6.8%).

Correlation of HIV-1 drug resistant mutations and virologic failure.

PMID: 34584606 2021 The Pan African medical journal

Abstract: Out of 17 new mutations, 14 resulted in virologic failure and included NRTIs (L74I, L74V, T69D, V65R);

Result: Most of the new mutations also encoded for resistance to prescribed drugs and these included L74I/V, T69D, V65R as NRTIs; A98G, V179E/F/D/F as NNRTs and I54V, F53L, L89T, G48A, K20T as PIs.

Table: L74I

Characterizing HIV-1 Genetic Subtypes and Drug Resistance Mutations among Children, Adolescents and Pregnant Women in Sierra Leone.

PMID: 34573296 2021 Genes

Result: The most prevalent RT RAMs among children and adolescents and their relative proportions were as follows: M184V (76.6%, n = 49/64), K103N (45.3%, n = 29/64), Y181C/V/I (28.1%, n = 18/64), T215F/Y (25.0%, n = 16/64), V108I (18.8%, n = 12/64), A98G (15.6%, n = 10/64), G190A (12.5%, n = 8), K101E/H (12.5%, n = 8), M41L (10.9%, n = 7/64), L74I/V (10.9%, n = 7/64), and H221Y (10.9%, n = 7/64) (Figure 1a,b).

High-level resistance to bictegravir and cabotegravir in subtype A- and D-infected HIV-1 patients failing raltegravir with multiple resistance mutations.

PMID: 34453542 2021 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: RESULTS: HIV-1 IN-recombinant viruses harbouring single primary mutations (N155H or Y143R/S) or in combination with secondary INSTI mutations (T97A, M50I, L74IM, E157Q, G163R or V151I) were susceptible to both bictegravir and cabotegravir.

HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Genetic Transmission Networks Among MSM Failing Antiretroviral Therapy in South China 2014-2019.

PMID: 34377002 2021 Infection and drug resistance

Table: L74I/V

Case Report: Emergent Resistance in a Treatment-Naive Person With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Under Bictegravir-Based Therapy.

PMID: 34189182 2021 Open forum infectious diseases

Conclusi

Conclusion: A pretreatment genotype, which included INI testing, revealed an HIV-1 subtype B along with an L74I (RT) mutation conferring high-level resistance to didanosine and intermediate-level resistance to abacavir.

Conclusion: A repeat viral load was 98 000 copies/mL, and an updated genotype revealed an M184V (RT) mutation conferring resistance to lamivudine and FTC in addition to the previously seen L74I (RT) mutation.

HIV-1 acquired drug resistance to integrase inhibitors in a cohort of antiretroviral therapy multi-experienced Mexican patients failing to raltegravir: a cross-sectional study.

PMID: 32041622 2020 AIDS research and therapy

Table: L74I

Discussion: According to our findings, the frequency of the substitution Q148+ >=1 secondary mutation(s) (G140A/C/S, L74I or E138A/K/T) was 12%.

Variability in HIV-1 Integrase Gene and 3'-Polypurine Tract Sequences in Cameroon Clinical Isolates, and Implications for Integrase Inhibitors Efficacy.

PMID: 32106437 2020 International journal of molecular sciences

Result: Four other mutations were identified in cohort samples: M50I (in 6 samples), S119R (in 4 samples, all CRF02_AG), L74M (in 8 CRF02_AG and 1 CRF11_cpx samples), and L74I in 25 samples of which 22 (88%) were CRF02_AG (Table 2).

Result: Other mutations in database samples included M50I, L74M, L74I, S119R, S230N, and E138D, identified in 67 (31%), 9 (4%), 49 (22.8%), 1 (0.47%), 2 (0.93%), and 1 (0.47%) of database samples (Table 3), respectively.

Result: The INSTIs accessory RAMs identified in both AG and AG database samples included T97A,

PMID: 32049783 2020 Medicine

Discussion: Other mutations detected in this study, which have been shown to confer resistance to NRTIs, were M184I, T69N, L74I, M41L, K70R/E, T215Y/F, and K219E.

Discussion: The presence of the L74I mutation in combination with the M184 V causes high-level resistance to both Abacavir and Didanosine.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Viral Load Is Elevated in Individuals With Reverse-Transcriptase Mutation M184V/I During Virological Failure of First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy and Is Associated With Compensatory Mutation L74I.

PMID: 32105319 2020 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Discussion: A limitation of this study was that our patient group were mainly ART-experienced and as such there may be a different prevalence of L74I in treatment-naive individuals.

Discussion: Furthermore, although L74I was associated with VF in two studies including the long-acting injectable cabotegravir, it is not known whether L74I contributed to VF or what the impact on dolutegravir might be.

Discussion: In most cases there was no change in variant frequencies, consistent with L74I being transmitted between individuals following a founder effect and L74I reverting rarely, even during second-line ART failure.

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