literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Low Incidence of HIV-1C Acquired Drug Resistance 10 Years after Roll-Out of Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study.

PMID: 26512902 2015 PloS one

Discussion: Despite the extensive use of thymidine analogues like AZT or D4T in Ethiopia and unlike previous similar studies, TAMs characterized by the mutations M41L, L210W, T215Y (TAM-path 1) and D67N, K70R, T215F, K219Q/E (TAM-path 2) were lacking in the current study indicating a recent period of virological failure.

Comparison of 454 Ultra-Deep Sequencing and Allele-Specific Real-Time PCR with Regard to the Detection of Emerging Drug-Resistant Minor HIV-1 Variants after Antiretroviral Prophylaxis for Vertical Transmission.

PMID: 26469189 2015 PloS one

Method: M19921) and a mutant pNL4.3 derived clone that harbours seven resistance mutations in the RT (M41L, A62V, A98G, K103N, V118I, L210W, T215Y).

HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance in Honduras after a Decade of Widespread Antiretroviral Therapy.

PMID: 26558396 2015 PloS one

Table: L210W

Discussion: Indeed, other NRTI DR mutations as M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, and T215Y/F.

The prevalence of transmitted HIV drug resistance among MSM in Anhui province, China.

PMID: 25035709 2014 AIDS research and therapy

Abstract: The SDRMs included L210W (1.5%), Y181C (0.8%), and G190A (0.8%).

Result: L210W confers a low level of resistance to zidovudine (AZT) and stavudine (D4T).

Result: The sole NRTI-related SDRM was L210W, detected in two individuals infected with CRF01_AE strains (from Anqing and Ma'anshan).

Emergence of drug resistance in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected patients from pune, India, at the end of 12 months of first line antiretroviral therapy initiation.

PMID: 25006528 2014 ISRN AIDS

Discussion: The type I pattern includes the mutations M41L, L210W, and T215Y while type II pattern includes D67N, K70R, T215F, and K219Q/E.

Novel high-throughput screen identifies an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor with a unique mechanism of action.

PMID: 24969820 2014 The Biochemical journal

Abstract: HIV-1 resistance to zidovudine [AZT (azidothymidine)] is associated with selection of the mutations M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y and K219Q/E in RT (reverse transcriptase).

Result: Consistent with previously published data, we found that RTs containing M41L/L210W/T215Y or D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q increased the enzyme's apparent affinity for ATP (KM) and the rate of excision (kexcision) (Table 1).

Result: H

Horizontal gene transfer from human host to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confers drug resistance and partly compensates for replication deficits.

PMID: 24889250 2014 Virology

Abstract: The insertion developed within the context of pre-existing NRTI and NNRTI mutations (M41L, L210W, T215Y and N348I).

High level of HIV-1 resistance in patients failing long-term first-line antiretroviral therapy in Mali.

PMID: 24855120 2014 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: The treatment duration, median number of NRTI and NNRTI mutations and some reverse transcriptase mutations (T215Y/F/N, L210W, L74I, M41L and H221Y) were associated with the VL at virological failure.

Drug resistance in children at virological failure in a rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, cohort.

PMID: 24444369 2014 AIDS research and therapy

Table: L210W

Molecular dynamics study of HIV-1 RT-DNA-nevirapine complexes explains NNRTI inhibition and resistance by connection mutations.

PMID: 24174331 2014 Proteins

Result: this putative effect may be analogous to the impact of L210W accompanying the T215Y/F mutation to enhance ATP binding.