Discussion: The 214F mutation is associated with nucleoside analogue mutation cluster 2 (D67N+K70R+K219Q+T215F) and negatively associated with nucleotide analogue mutation cluster 1 (M41L+L210W+T215Y).
Viremia, resuppression, and time to resistance in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) subtype C during first-line antiretroviral therapy in South Africa.
Discussion: T215Y, L210W and M41L, which constitute the TAM-1 pathway were significantly higher in group B, and this might be associated with their prior AZT/3TC dual therapy prior to HAART.
Treatment outcomes and plasma level of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir monotherapy among HIV-infected patients who had NRTI and NNRTI failure.
Introduction: Two distinct TAM (TAM-1 and -2) pathways lead to the stepwise accumulation of major (M41L, K70R and T215Y/F), minor/secondary (D67N and L210W) and compensatory (E44D, V118I and H208Y) mutations that confer a 5-500-fold reduced susceptibility to AZT and broad cross-resistance between NRTIs (Figure 1).
Mechanisms by which the G333D mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Reverse transcriptase facilitates dual resistance to zidovudine and lamivudine.
PMID: 17967907
2008
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: To provide insight into the biochemical mechanism(s) involved, we investigated the effect of the G333D mutation in the connection domain of RT on resistance to zidovudine (AZT) and lamivudine (3TC) in enzymes that contain both M184V and thymidine analog mutations (TAMs; M41L, L210W, and T215Y).
Identification of a novel resistance (E40F) and compensatory (K43E) substitution in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
Introduction: HIV-1 develops these TAMs by two distinct pathways: the TAM-1 pathway consisting of T215Y, M41L, L210W and sometimes D67N or the TAM-2 pathway including T215F, K70R, K219Q/E and D67N.
Introduction: Multiple studies have identified mutations at (at least) six codons in the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme (thymidine analogue associated mutations (TAMs); M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F and K219Q/E) that ca
Prevalence of genotypic resistance to nucleoside analogues, nonnucleoside analogues, and protease inhibitors in HIV-infected persons in Athens, Greece.
PMID: 18275347
2008
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The most frequent ARMs of each drug category were to NRTIs at codons M184V [present in 149 tests (63.6%)], M41L [79 (33.8%)], K70R [66 (28.2%)], M184VI [58 (24.8%)], T215YF [53 (22.7%)], D67N [82 (35.0%)], T215Y [72 (30.8%)], K219Q [47 (20.1%)], K219E/Q [54 (23.1%)], and L210W [49 (20.9%)], respectively.
HIV type 1 pol gene diversity and antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in Santos, Brazil.
PMID: 18327988
2008
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Drug resistance mutations identified in common to subtypes B, F, and recombinants B/F were protease inhibitors M46I/L (29%), I54V (24%), A71V (22%), and V82A/F (31%); reverse transcriptase nucleoside resistance mutations M41L (52%), D67N (30%), K70R (26%), M184V (88%), L210W (29%), T215Y/I/F (65%), and K219Q/E/N (28%); and reverse transcriptase nonnucleoside resistance mutation K103N (52%).
Connection domain mutations N348I and A360V in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase enhance resistance to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine through both RNase H-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
PMID: 18547911
2008
The Journal of biological chemistry
4Method: WT RT refers to the wild type enzyme, and ""TAMs"" refers to mutants that contain the following amino acid substitutions: M41L, D67N, L210W, and T215Y."
Introduction: This region includes polymerase domain mutations M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, and K219Q/E, which are referred to as thymidine analogue-associated mutations (TAMs).
Result: Furthermore, A360V was highly correlated with various mutations considered to be part of the TAMs cluster; for example, of the samples with A360V, 35% were associated with
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2009
Retrovirology
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