HIV type 1 pol gene diversity and antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in Santos, Brazil.
PMID: 18327988
2008
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Drug resistance mutations identified in common to subtypes B, F, and recombinants B/F were protease inhibitors M46I/L (29%), I54V (24%), A71V (22%), and V82A/F (31%); reverse transcriptase nucleoside resistance mutations M41L (52%), D67N (30%), K70R (26%), M184V (88%), L210W (29%), T215Y/I/F (65%), and K219Q/E/N (28%); and reverse transcriptase nonnucleoside resistance mutation K103N (52%).
Connection domain mutations N348I and A360V in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase enhance resistance to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine through both RNase H-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
PMID: 18547911
2008
The Journal of biological chemistry
4Method: WT RT refers to the wild type enzyme, and ""TAMs"" refers to mutants that contain the following amino acid substitutions: M41L, D67N, L210W, and T215Y."
Introduction: This region includes polymerase domain mutations M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, and K219Q/E, which are referred to as thymidine analogue-associated mutations (TAMs).
Result: Furthermore, A360V was highly correlated with various mutations considered to be part of the TAMs cluster; for example, of the samples with A360V, 35% were associated with
HIV drug resistance pattern among HAART-exposed patients with suboptimal virological response in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
PMID: 18667925
2008
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: Some resistance mutations, notably D67N/G, K70R and L210W (thymidine analogue mutations-TAMs); K101E, V179E in RT, 154V, V82A/T/F and L90M in PR were significantly higher among CRF06_cpx than CRF02_AG strains (P < 0.05).
Drug resistance mutation profile and accumulation kinetics in human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals infected with subtypes B and F failing highly active antiretroviral therapy are influenced by different viral codon usage patterns.
PMID: 18838582
2008
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Due to codon usage variation, there is a significantly lower incidence of the substitutions L210W, Q151M, and F116Y in subtype F1 isolates than in the subtype B counterparts.
Silent mutations are selected in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and affect enzymatic efficiency.
Introduction: By contrast, the mutations M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y and K219Q/E - typically referred to as thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) - augment the ability of HIV-1 RT to excise the chain-terminating NRTI-monophosphate from a prematurely terminated DNA chain.
Mechanism by which a glutamine to leucine substitution at residue 509 in the ribonuclease H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confers zidovudine resistance.
Result: By comparison, TAMs, which include M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, and K219Q/E, increase the ability of HIV-1 RT to excise a chain-terminating NRTI-monophosphate (NRTI-MP) from a DNA chain.
[Research on the selective kinetics of HIV-1 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug resistance-associated mutations among 4 AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy].
PMID: 19103117
2008
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi
Abstract: Typical resistance mutations of thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) pattern 1, such as L210W, T215Y and M41L, were generated in patient 'A'.
Molecular mechanism by which the K70E mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase confers resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
PMID: 17088490
2007
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: When introduced into an enzyme with the thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) M41L, L210W, and T215Y, the K70E mutation inhibited ATP-mediated excision of AZT-MP.
Drug-resistant HIV-1 prevalence in patients newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Japan.
Abstract: Twenty-three cases, including three recently infected patients, were infected with HIV-1 having major drug-resistance mutations, including M41L, D67N, L100I, K103N, V106A, M184I, M184V, L210W, and revertant mutations at the 215 codon in reverse transcriptase and M46I in protease encoding regions.
Emergence of the H208Y mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1 in association with nucleoside RT inhibitor therapy.
PMID: 17356061
2007
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: The prevalence of H208Y was highest in genotypes harbouring M184V and the thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) M41L, D67N, L210W and T215Y.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2008
AIDS research and human retroviruses
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