Trends in Genotypic HIV-1 Antiretroviral Resistance between 2006 and 2012 in South African Patients Receiving First- and Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens.
Method: The following protease mutations were considered LPV/r-resistance mutations: L10F, L24I, V32I, L33F, M46IL, I47A, I50V, I54MLV, L76V, V82ATSFMC, I84V, L89V, L90M.
Table: L10F
Low frequency of genotypic resistance in HIV-1-infected patients failing an atazanavir-containing regimen: a clinical cohort study.
PMID: 23711895
2013
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Result: The remaining 43 minor atazanavir mutations were either not detected in this dataset (L10C, K20V, E34Q, F53Y, I54L/M/T/A, A71L, G73C/T, V82F and I93M) or were not significantly associated with atazanavir exposure (L10I/F/V, G16E, K20R/M/I/T, L24I, V32I, L33I/F/V, M36L/V, M46L, G48V, I54V
Extreme multidrug resistant HIV-1 protease with 20 mutations is resistant to novel protease inhibitors with P1'-pyrrolidinone or P2-tris-tetrahydrofuran.
PMID: 23590295
2013
Journal of medicinal chemistry
Abstract: Inhibitors 2 and 3 lose interactions with Arg8' in PR20 relative to the wild-type enzyme because Arg8' shifts to interact with mutated L10F side chain.
Abstract: In particular, insertion of the large aromatic side chains of L10F and L33F alters intersubunit interactions and widens the PI binding site through a network of hydrophobic contacts.
Result: By serendipity, the PR20/SQV structure reveals a possible mechanism to prevent the L10F-mediated elimination of the intersubunit ion pair by introducing a large hydrophobic group designed to insert between L10F and Arg8.
Result: Furthermore, PR20 possesses a network of internal mutations (L10F, I13V, I15V, L33F, M36I, N88D and PMID: 22211659
2011
Current HIV research
Abstract: About 60% of tests reported L10FIRVC, M36ILV, M46IL, I54VLAMTS, V82AFTSLI, and L90M mutations in the protease region.
TMC310911, a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, shows in vitro an improved resistance profile and higher genetic barrier to resistance compared with current protease inhibitors.
PMID: 21896904
2011
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: IVRS performed with r13025, a multiple-PI-resistant recombinant clinical isolate, and TMC310911 selected for mutations L10F, I47V, and L90M (FC in TMC310911 EC(50) = 16).
The L76V mutation in HIV-1 protease is potentially associated with hypersusceptibility to protease inhibitors Atazanavir and Saquinavir: is there a clinical advantage?
Introduction: Mixtures of wild-type and variants T215Y in RT, L10F, I54V and V82A in PR appeared 6 months after the first mixture at position 184 was detected.
Novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs) containing a bicyclic P2 functional moiety, tetrahydropyrano-tetrahydrofuran, that are potent against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants.
PMID: 21282450
2011
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: When HIV-1(NL4-3) was selected with GRL-1398, four amino acid substitutions--leucine to phenylalanine at a position 10 (L10F), A28S, L33F, and M46I--emerged, ultimately enabling the virus to replicate in the presence of >1.0 muM the compound beyond 57 weeks of selection.
Prevalence and clinical significance of HIV drug resistance mutations by ultra-deep sequencing in antiretroviral-naive subjects in the CASTLE study.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2013
PloS one
Browser Board
Co-occurred Entities
Filtrator
ViMRT