Abstract: The Reyaphar score included 12 baseline protease substitutions from the International AIDS Society USA list that were associated with poorer VR: L10I/F/R/V, K20I/M/R, L241, M461/L, 154L/M/T/V, L63P, A71I/L/V/T, G73A/C/F/T, V771, V82A/F/S/T, 184V, L90M and the polymorphism substitution Q58E.
In vitro development of resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor GW640385.
PMID: 16495277
2006
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Variants characterized included one with <4-fold resistance and amino acid substitutions Q58E/A71V (protease) and P452K (Gag) and one with >50-fold resistance and amino acid substitutions L10F/G16E/E21K/A28S/M46I/F53L/A71V (protease) and L449F/P453T (Gag).
Substitutions in the Reverse Transcriptase and Protease Genes of HIV-1 Subtype B in Untreated Individuals and Patients Treated With Antiretroviral Drugs.
PMID: 19825125
2005
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Table: L10F
Amprenavir or fosamprenavir plus ritonavir in HIV infection: pharmacology, efficacy and tolerability profile.
Abstract: When used with ritonavir, the accumulation of six or more mutations among L10F/I/V, K20M/R, E35D, R41K, I54V, L63P, V82A/F/T/S and I84V leads to clear decrease in viral response to treatment.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotyping in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: assessing subtype and drug-resistance associated mutations in HIV-1 infected individuals failing highly active antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 15867968
2005
Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Abstract: The K103N mutation was the most prevalent to the non-nucleoside RT inhibitor and the resistance associated to protease inhibitor showed the minor mutations L63P, L10F/R, and A71V as the more prevalent.
Selection and characterization of HIV-1 showing reduced susceptibility to the non-peptidic protease inhibitor tipranavir.
Abstract: At the end of the selection experiments, viruses harbouring 10 mutations in the protease (L10F, I13V, V32I, L33F, M36I, K45I, I54V, A71V, V82L, I84V) as well as a mutation in the CA/SP1 gag cleavage site were selected and showed 87-fold decreased susceptibility to tipranavir.
Study of antiretroviral mutants in HIV patients with treatment failures and the effect of risk factors in the virological failures.
PMID: 16553322
2005
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo
Abstract: The most frequent mutations were M41L, M184V, and T215FY in RT and L62PI, L10FIRV and M36I in PT.
Resistance profiles observed in virological failures after 24 weeks of amprenavir/ritonavir containing regimen in protease inhibitor experienced patients.
Abstract: Several genotypic resistance pathways in protease gene have been described to be associated to unboosted APV failure (I50V, V32I + I47V, I54L/M, or less commonly I84V, which may be accompanied by one ore more accessory mutations such as L10F, L33F, M46I/L).
HIV-1 phenotypic susceptibility to lopinavir (LPV) and genotypic analysis in LPV/r-naive subjects with prior protease inhibitor experience.
PMID: 12869832
2003
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: Current PI therapy (P = 0.002) and indinavir administration (P < 0.001), >5 LPV/r mutations (P < 0.0012), and detection of L10FIRV, K20MR, M46IL, I54VL, A71VT, G73SA, V82AFTS, I84V, and M90L were associated with LPV resistance in univariate analysis.
Patterns of point mutations associated with antiretroviral drug treatment failure in CRF01_AE (subtype E) infection differ from subtype B infection.
PMID: 12843744
2003
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: The mutations T69N and V75M in reverse transcriptase and L10F, K20I, L33I, and N88S in protease were seen more frequently in patients infected with CRF01_AE than in patients with subtype B.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2006
Antiviral therapy
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