From antiretroviral therapy access to provision of third line regimens: evidence of HIV Drug resistance mutations to first and second line regimens among Ugandan adults.
Abstract: The commonest clinically significant major resistance mutations associated with the highest levels of reduced susceptibility or virological response to the relevant Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) were; the Non-thymidine analogue mutations (Non-TAMS) M184V-20.7% and K65R-8.0%; and the TAM
Result: In our cohort, the commonest clinically significant major NRTI resistance mutations associated with highest levels of reduced susceptibility or virological response were the Non-thymidine analogue mutations (Non-TAMs): M184V:20.7% and K65R:8.0%, while M41L and K70R (both 8.0%) were the commonest TAMs.
Table: K70R
Prevalence of HIV Antiretroviral Drug Resistance and Its Impacts on HIV-1 Virological Failures in Jiangsu, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Result: The most common mutations associated with drug resistance in NRTIs were M184V (79.45%), M41L (23.29%), M184I (10.96%), and K70R (10.96%) (Figure 2(a)).
HIV Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive Individuals in the Largest Public Hospital in Nicaragua, 2011-2015.
Result: Similarly, within NRTI SDRMs, K70ER, V75A, F77L, M184I, T215I, and K219E were only found under the 5% threshold, while D67G and M184V, although present in levels >=5% in some patients, were also mostly present as low-abundance variants <5% (0.8% vs.
Antiviral Activity of Bictegravir (GS-9883), a Novel Potent HIV-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor with an Improved Resistance Profile.
PMID: 27645238
2016
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Method: The virus 6TAMs, containing six resistance mutations in HIV-1 RT (M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y, and K219Q) that confer resistance to thymidine analogs, was constructed by cloning a PCR-amplified RT-encoding fragment from HIV-infected patient-derived plasma.
Surveillance of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Abstract: NRTI TDR decrease was associated mainly with M184V, K70R and T215Y.
Result: Although no significant change was observed in NRTI TDR prevalence, a significant decrease in the frequency of M41L (p = 0.04), T215Y (p = 0.008), and K70R (p = 0.046) mutations was observed
Discussion: 3.1%, p<0.0001), with a significant reduction in the frequency of M184V and of most thymidine analogue mutations (TAM), including D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F, T215Y, and K219E.
Accumulation of HIV-1 drug resistance after continued virological failure on first-line ART in adults and children in sub-Saharan Africa.
PMID: 27342546
2016
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: RESULTS: At first virological failure, DRM(s) were detected in 87% of participants: K103N (38.7%), G190A (21.8%), Y181C (20.2%), V106M (8.4%), K101E (8.4%), any E138 (7.6%) and V108I (7.6%) associated with NNRTIs, and M184V (69.7%), any thymidine analogue mutation (9.2%), K65R (5.9%) and K70R (5.0%) associated with NRTIs.
HIV-1 Drug Resistance by Ultra-Deep Sequencing Following Short Course Zidovudine, Single-Dose Nevirapine, and Single-Dose Tenofovir with Emtricitabine for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission.
PMID: 27327263
2016
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: Mutations conferring NRTI resistance included K70R in 2 of 26 (7%) patients and T69S which was detected in 1 of 26 (3%) patients.
Result: One patient had both high-level NNRTI resistance and high-level resistance to TDF and 1 patient had both low to intermediate NNRTI resistance and K70R.
Discussion: Two (7%) patients harbored the K70R mutation while no other TAMs were found.
Treatment failure and drug resistance in HIV-positive patients on tenofovir-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in western Kenya.
PMID: 27231099
2016
Journal of the International AIDS Society
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2017
PloS one
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