literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Screening for and verification of novel mutations associated with drug resistance in the HIV type 1 subtype B(') in China.

PMID: 23144802 2012 PloS one

Result: The 9 mutations M41L, D67N, K70R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, T215Y, L283I and N348I resulted in resistance to NRTIs or NNRTIs, but the impact of 7 mutations at 6 positions (D123E, V292I, K366R, T369A, T369V, A371V and I375V) on antiviral drug response was unknown.

Virological failure rates and HIV-1 drug resistance patterns in patients on first-line antiretroviral treatment in semirural and rural Gabon.

PMID: 23199801 2012 Journal of the International AIDS Society

Result: TAM-2 mutations included K219Q/E/R (n=4), D67N/G (n=4), and K70R (n=3).

Figure: M41L, L210W, and T215Y mutations are indicative of the TAM-1 pathway; D67N/G, K70R, T215F, and K219Q/E/R mutations are indicative of the TAM-2 pathway.

Monitoring HIV viral load in resource limited settings: still a matter of debate?

PMID: 23236346 2012 PloS one

Result: Among patients carrying RAMs, 12/15 (80.0%) harboured RAMs associated to thymidine analogues (TAMs) (M41L, D67N, K70R, V75I, L210W, T215F/Y) (Table 3).

Result: The most frequent TAMs were T215F/Y (11/12, 91.7%), M41L (10/12, 83.3%), L210W (3/12, 27,3%), D67N (3/12, 25.0%), K70R (1/12, 8.3%) and V75I (1/12, 8.3%) (Table 3).

Table: K70R

Effect of translocation defective reverse transcriptase inhibitors on the activity of N348I, a connection subdomain drug resistant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase mutant.

PMID: 23273211 2012 Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France)

Result: N348I, D67N/K70R/L210Q/T215F and D67N/K70R/L210Q/T215F/N348I RTs were inhibited by EFdA-TP and ENdA-TP with similar efficiency compared to the WT enzyme.

Result: However, the N348I mutation in the background of AZT resistance mutations D67N, K70R, L210Q and T215F showed a 2-fold increase in unblocking EFdA-MP containing primers both with DNA and RNA templates.

Result: The inhibition of WT,

PMID: 23305651 2012 Journal of the International AIDS Society

Method: Tenofovir-associated resistance mutations included K65R, T69 insertion, K70E and >=3 thymidine-analogue mutations (TAMs; M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, K219Q/E), inclusive of either M41L or L210W.

Minority HIV mutation detection in dried blood spots indicates high specimen integrity and reveals hidden archived drug resistance.

PMID: 21130027 2011 Journal of clinical virology

Abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Evaluate nucleic acids from the DBS of 33 antiretroviral-experienced subtype B-infected subjects for minority M41L, K65R, K70R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, and T215Y/F mutations by real-time PCR.

"K70Q adds high-level tenofovir resistance to ""Q151M complex"" HIV reverse transcriptase through the enhanced discrimination mechanism."

PMID: 21249155 2011 PloS one

Introduction: Increased excision of NRTIs is imparted by Excision Enhancement Mutations, typically M41L, D67N, K70R, T215Y/F, L210W, and K219E/Q (also known as Thymidine Associated Mutations, or TAMs).

Figure: Antiviral activities of HIV-1s carrying mutations at residue 70 (K70R, K70G, K70E, K70T, K70N, or K70Q) in the WT (A) or Q151Mc (B) background were determined by the MAGIC5 assay.

Discussion: K70R is a key mutation involved in resistance to AZT and appears in the background of other

Differences in reversion of resistance mutations to wild-type under structured treatment interruption and related increase in replication capacity.

PMID: 21297946 2011 PloS one

Introduction: The authors reported a faster rate of reversion for primary resistance mutations (K70R, M184I/V, T215Y/F in RT, and D30N, M46I/L, V82A, L90M in PR) compared to secondary mutations (M41L, D67N, T69D/N, L210W, K219Q/E in RT and L10I/V, L63P, A71V/T, V77I in PR)

Clinical significance of HIV reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-resistance mutations.

PMID: 21449841 2011 Future microbiology

Abstract: Several large-scale HIV-1 genotypic analyses have revealed that the most prevalent nucleos(t)ide analog RT inhibitor (NRTI)-resistance mutation is M184V/I followed by a series of thymidine analog-associated mutations: M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F and K219Q/E.

Thymidine analogue excision and discrimination modulated by mutational complexes including single amino acid deletions of Asp-67 or Thr-69 in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

PMID: 21504903 2011 The Journal of biological chemistry

Abstract: Here, we show that the complex Delta67/T69G/K70R enhances ATP-dependent phosphorolytic activity on primers terminated with 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) or 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (d4T) both in the presence or absence of TAMs.

Abstract: Molecular dynamics studies based on models of wild-type HIV-1 RT and mutant Delta69, Delta67/T69G/K70R, and D67N/K70R RTs support a relevant role for Lys/Arg-70 in the excision reaction.

Abstract: The deletion of Asp-67 together with mutations T69G and K70R (Delta67 complex) are usually associated with thymidine analog resistance mutations

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