Result: With the widespread use of AZT and d4T, the resistance mutations associated with these drugs, including K70R, T215F/Y and K219Q/E, were 4.5%, 6.8%, and 5.1%, respectively.
Table: K70R
Increasing trends in primary NNRTI resistance among newly HIV-1-diagnosed individuals in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
PMID: 24093951
2013
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Method: Sequences were analyzed to identify mutations associated with reduced susceptibility to protease and RT inhibitors, as reported by the International AIDS Society-USA in 2010: RT-M41L, A62V, K65R, D67N, 69 insert, K70R, L74V,V75I, F77L, L100I, K101P, K103N, V106A, V106M, V108I, Y115F, F116Y,
Effectiveness of first-line antiretroviral therapy and correlates of longitudinal changes in CD4 and viral load among HIV-infected children in Ghana.
Result: Other common NRTI RAMs were the K70R (n = 22; 20%), T215Y (n = 36; 24%), M41L (n = 23; 21%), D67N (n = 15; 14%), K219Q/E (n = 14; 13%) and the L210W making 9% of the TAMs.
Highly-sensitive allele-specific PCR testing identifies a greater prevalence of transmitted HIV drug resistance in Japan.
Abstract: Results obtained by AS-PCR and bulk sequencing demonstrated good concordance but the AS-PCR enabled the detection of seven additional drug-resistant cases (one M41L, two with K65R, two with K70R, and one M184V) in the RT region.
Abstract: To detect minority populations with drug resistance, we used AS-PCR with mutation-specific primers designed for seven reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations, M41L, K65R, K70R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, and T215F/Y, and for three
Table: K70R
Biochemical, inhibition and inhibitor resistance studies of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus reverse transcriptase.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated in vitro that zidovudine (AZT) selects for A371V in the connection domain and Q509L in ribonuclease H (RNase H) domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) which, together with the thymidine analog mutations D67N, K70R and T215F, confer greater than 100-fold AZT resistance.
Abstract: Mutations significantly associated with AZT monotherapy included K70R (p = 0.003) and T215Y (p = 0.013) in the polymerase domain of HIV-1 RT, and A360V (p = 0.041) in the connection domain of HIV-1 RT.
Resu
Emergence of minor drug-resistant HIV-1 variants after triple antiretroviral prophylaxis for prevention of vertical HIV-1 transmission.
Discussion: 7/11 women with HIV-1 carrying AZT-selected mutants displayed the K70R mutation in proportions of 3%-28%, whereas T215Y/F-carrying virus was harbored in lower proportions of 0.5%-3.9% by four women.
Discussion: However, population-based sequencing, detecting minor variants in proportions only above 20%, revealed AZT-resistance mutations (K70R) in HIV-1 of only 4 women (8%).
Discussion: In fact, the K70R mutation is considered to be an early AZT mutation and indicates the emergence of AZT-resistance followed by M41L, T215Y/F and L210W.
Discussion: It is important to note that the K70R mutation affecting HIV-1 of 7/50 (14%)
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2013
PloS one
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