HIV mutation literature information.


  Characterization of an HIV-1 group M variant that is distinct from the known subtypes.
 PMID: 17411380       2007       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Surprisingly, the only regular RT mutation acquired during this period was K70R, which suggests that the genetic background of this variant is perhaps not suitable for the generation of the standard 41L, 67N, and 215Y/F mutations that typically arise during prolonged, nonsuccessful, zidovudine treatment.


  Lamivudine/abacavir maintains virological superiority over zidovudine/lamivudine and zidovudine/abacavir beyond 5 years in children.
 PMID: 17457088       2007       AIDS (London, England)
Abstract: Reverse transcriptase resistance mutations emerging on therapy differed between the groups: zidovudinelamivudine (M41L, D67N, K70R, M184V, L210W, T215Y); zidovudineabacavir (M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, K219Q); lamivudineabacavir (K65R, L74V, Y115F, M184V).


  HIV-1 subtype B protease and reverse transcriptase amino acid covariation.
 PMID: 17500586       2007       PLoS computational biology
Method: NRTI-selected mutations included T39A, M41L, K43E/Q/N, E44D/A, A62V, K65R, D67N/G/E, T69D/N/S/insertion, K70R, L74V/I, V75I/M/T/A, F77L, V90I, K104N, Y115F, F116Y, V118I, Q151M, M184V/I, E203K,
 PMID: 17507476       2007       Journal of virology
Abstract: The first resistance mutations to appear in HIV-1(LAI) were two polymerase domain thymidine analog mutations (TAMs), D67N and K70R, and two novel mutations, A371V in the connection domain and Q509L in the RNase H domain, that together conferred up to 90-fold AZT resistance.
Abstract: The roles of A371V and Q509L in AZT resistance were confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis: A371V and Q509L together increased AZT resistance approximately 10- to 50-fold in combination with TAMs (M41L/L210W/T215Y or D67N/


  Anti-retroviral drug resistance-associated mutations among non-subtype B HIV-1-infected Kenyan children with treatment failure.
 PMID: 17516531       2007       Journal of medical virology
Abstract: In 7 of 12 children, M184V appeared with one thymidine-analogue-associated mutation (TAM) as the first mutation, while the remaining 5 children had only TAMs appearing either individually (n = 2), or as TAMs 1 (M41L, L210W, and T215Y) and 2 (D67N, K70R, and K219Q/E/R) appearing together (n = 3).


  Mechanism of action of (-)-(2R,4R)-1-(2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) thymine as an anti-HIV agent.
 PMID: 17542153       2007       Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy
Abstract: RTs containing the D67N/K70R/T215Y/K219Q or T695-SS/T215Y mutations show enhanced removal of DOT-MP from terminated primer as well as approximately four-fold decreased binding/incorporation.


  Molecular mechanisms of bidirectional antagonism between K65R and thymidine analog mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
 PMID: 17589186       2007       AIDS (London, England)
Abstract: In addition, the TAMs combination D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q decreased susceptibility to the L-nucleotide lamivudine by a discrimination mechanism, whereas the M41L/L210W/T215Y combination had little effect on susceptibility to lamivudine.
Abstract: RESULTS: The addition of K65R to two clinically relevant combinations of TAMs (M41L/L210W/T215Y or D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q) significantly reduced the recombinant enzymes' ability to excise all chain-terminating  PMID: 17591023       2007       Antiviral therapy
Abstract: Reversion of K70G --> R and K219R --> E in a patient-derived clone confirmed the contribution of individual mutations and the negative association between PFA resistance and zidovudine resistance.


  The reverse transcriptase 67N 70R 215Y genotype is the predominant TAM pathway associated with virologic failure among HIV type 1C-infected adults treated with ZDV/ddI-containing HAART in southern Africa.
 PMID: 17678469       2007       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The mutation T215Y was the first step in the evolution of the 67N 70R 215Y genotype and was followed by mutations K70R and D67N.


  Impact of the number of failed therapeutic regimes on the development of resistance mutations to HIV-1 in northeast Brazil.
 PMID: 17962868       2007       The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: There was a significant increase in resistance mutations V82A/F/L/T, I84V, L90M, M41L, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F and K219Q/E in MF.



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