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 HIV mutation literature information.


  Evolution of zidovudine resistance-associated genotypes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients.
 PMID: 8624762       1996       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology
Abstract: In p87, K70R also appeared at 4 months, but T215Y and K219Q were not observed until 18 months and M41L not at all.
Abstract: In patient p74, K70R appeared after 4 months, T215Y at 5.5 months, and M41L at 13 months.


  Development of zidovudine resistance mutations in patients receiving prolonged didanosine monotherapy.
 PMID: 7594706       1995       The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: However, after prolonged ddI monotherapy, mutations associated with zidovudine resistance (M41L, D67N, K70R, and/or T215Y) were detected in HIV-1 isolates from both patients.


  Sensitivity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and its mutants to inhibition by azidothymidine triphosphate.
 PMID: 7509634       1994       Biochemistry
Abstract: A reverse transcriptase containing a set of four mutations (D67N, K70R, T215Y, K219Q) known to cause resistance to AZT in cell culture assays has a ratio of incorporation that is 0.77 +/- 0.03 times the ratio for the wild-type reverse transcriptase opposite one specific template adenosine.


  Zidovudine treatment results in the selection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants whose genotypes confer increasing levels of drug resistance.
 PMID: 7509370       1994       The Journal of general virology
Abstract: High level resistance to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT, zidovudine or Retrovir) is conferred by the presence of four or five mutations (Met-41-->Leu; Asp-67-->Asn; Lys-70-->Arg; Thr-215-->Tyr or Phe; Lys-219-->Gln) in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase.


  Biochemical and genetical analysis of AZT-resistant HIV-mutants.
 PMID: 1930105       1991       Behring Institute Mitteilungen
Abstract: the Lys 70----Arg and the Thr 215----Tyr transitions.


  Multiple mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confer high-level resistance to zidovudine (AZT).
 PMID: 2479983       1989       Science (New York, N.Y.)
Abstract: Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the reverse transcriptase (RT) coding region from five pairs of sensitive and resistant isolates identified three predicted amino acid substitutions common to all the resistant strains (Asp67----Asn, Lys70----Arg, Thr215----Phe or Tyr) plus a fourth in three isolates (Lys219----Gln).



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