Characterization of HIV drug resistance mutations among patients failing first-line antiretroviral therapy from a tertiary referral center in Lusaka, Zambia.
Result: A wide range of mutations conferring multi-NRTI resistance were also observed, including M41L (n = 7, 10%), A62V (n = 15, 22%), D67N (n = 10, 15%), K70R (n = 10, 15%), V75I (n = 2, 3%), F77L (n = 1, 1%), Y115F (n = 6, 9%), F116Y (n = 1, 1%), Q151M (n = 1, 1%), L210W (n = 3, 4%), T215Y/F (n = 7, 10%) and (n = 5, 7%), and K219Q/E (n = 4, 6%) and (n = 7, 10%).
Silent mutations at codons 65 and 66 in reverse transcriptase alleviate indel formation and restore fitness in subtype B HIV-1 containing D67N and K70R drug resistance mutations.
Result: Accordingly, we examined whether the TAMs D67N/K70R increase errors introduced by HIV-1 RT during intracellular RTn that are alleviated by silent mutations K65K and K66K.
Result: Accordingly, we investigated whether HIV-1 harboring K65K or K66K (AAA to AAG change) in the presence of the TAMs, D67N and K70R (HIVTAMK65K and HIVTAMK66K, respectively), potentiated resistance to RT inhibitors.
Result: Based on our previous data showing that K65K and K66K alleviate pausing of recombinant HIV-1 RT during cDNA synthesis of a synthetic RN
AZT resistance alters enzymatic properties and creates an ATP-binding site in SFVmac reverse transcriptase.
Introduction: Amino acid sequence alignments of the polymerase domains of SFVmac and HIV-1 revealed that the SFVmac AZT resistance mutations do not correspond to the ones obtained with highly AZT-resistant HIV-1 RT (M41L, D67N, K70R, T215Y/F and K219Q/E).
Geographic and temporal trends in the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance: an individual-patient- and sequence-level meta-analysis.
Method: Thymidine-analog mutations (TAMs) were defined as the NRTI SDRMs M41L, D67N/G/E, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F/S/C/D/E/I/V, and K219Q/E/N/R.
Result: Of the 34 NRTI SDRMs, 16 occurred in >=0.1% of the 50,870 viruses from all regions: most commonly M184V, the TAMs (M41L, D67G/N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, K219E/Q), the T215 revertants (T215C/D/
Prediction of drug-resistance using genotypic and docking analysis among anti-retroviral therapy naive and first-line treatment failures in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Discussion: In contrast to these earlier reports that identified a limited number of NRTI mutations (T215D, K219Q and D67G, V75A) with a low overall frequency (4.2% and 5.1%, respectively) in newly infected Iranian cases, we detected a variety of NRTI SDRMs (M41L, D67N, K70R, V75M, F116Y, M184V, L210W, T215Y, and K219E) with a higher overall frequency (10%) in chronically infected IDUs in the city of Sanandaj (Table 2).
Effectiveness of a Treatment Switch to Nevirapine plus Tenofovir and Emtricitabine (or Lamivudine) in Adults with HIV-1 Suppressed Viremia.
Discussion: We show here that D30N, N88D/S and L90 M also have high transmissibility and that other SDRMs have higher (M41L, T215Rev and K219E/N/Q/R for NRTIs and K101E/P for the NNRTIs) or lower transmissibility (K70E/R, L74I/V, and T215Y/F for NRTIs; Y181C/I/V for NNRTIs and I84 V and I54A/L/M/S/T/V for protease inhibit
Comparison of 454 Ultra-Deep Sequencing and Allele-Specific Real-Time PCR with Regard to the Detection of Emerging Drug-Resistant Minor HIV-1 Variants after Antiretroviral Prophylaxis for Vertical Transmission.
Abstract: METHODS: Plasma samples from 34 Tanzanian women were previously analysed by ASPCR for key resistance mutations in the viral RT selected by AZT, 3TC, and NVP (K70R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, T215Y/F).
Result: However, in four cases very low proportions of key resistance mutations were detected by UDS: 0.5% K70R (sample No.
Result: Nine resistant variants with the AZT-selected mutations K70R and/or T215I were identified in eight samples at frequencies of 1.0% to 10.0%.
Result: The proportions of K70R qu
Table: K70K/R
Table: K70R
Low Incidence of HIV-1C Acquired Drug Resistance 10 Years after Roll-Out of Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Discussion: Despite the extensive use of thymidine analogues like AZT or D4T in Ethiopia and unlike previous similar studies, TAMs characterized by the mutations M41L, L210W, T215Y (TAM-path 1) and D67N, K70R, T215F, K219Q/E (TAM-path 2) were lacking in the current study indicating a recent period of virological failure.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2015
Journal of medical virology
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