Introduction: Amino acid sequence alignments of the polymerase domains of SFVmac and HIV-1 revealed that the SFVmac AZT resistance mutations do not correspond to the ones obtained with highly AZT-resistant HIV-1 RT (M41L, D67N, K70R, T215Y/F and K219Q/E).
Geographic and temporal trends in the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance: an individual-patient- and sequence-level meta-analysis.
Method: Thymidine-analog mutations (TAMs) were defined as the NRTI SDRMs M41L, D67N/G/E, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F/S/C/D/E/I/V, and K219Q/E/N/R.
Result: Of the 34 NRTI SDRMs, 16 occurred in >=0.1% of the 50,870 viruses from all regions: most commonly M184V, the TAMs (M41L, D67G/N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, K219E/Q), the T215 revertants (T215C/D/
Prediction of drug-resistance using genotypic and docking analysis among anti-retroviral therapy naive and first-line treatment failures in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Discussion: In contrast to these earlier reports that identified a limited number of NRTI mutations (T215D, K219Q and D67G, V75A) with a low overall frequency (4.2% and 5.1%, respectively) in newly infected Iranian cases, we detected a variety of NRTI SDRMs (M41L, D67N, K70R, V75M, F116Y, M184V, L210W, T215Y, and K219E) with a higher overall frequency (10%) in chronically infected IDUs in the city of Sanandaj (Table 2).
Effectiveness of a Treatment Switch to Nevirapine plus Tenofovir and Emtricitabine (or Lamivudine) in Adults with HIV-1 Suppressed Viremia.
Introduction: In this study, we used AS-PCR to analyze expression dynamics of eight drug resistance mutations (M41L, K65R, K70R, K103N, Y181C, M184V and T215F/Y) during the clinical course of ARV-treated individuals with documented virologic failures and drug-resistant HIV-1.
Method: Briefly, mutation-specific primers were designed for seven reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations, M41L, K65R, K70R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, and
Table: K70R
Comparison of 454 Ultra-Deep Sequencing and Allele-Specific Real-Time PCR with Regard to the Detection of Emerging Drug-Resistant Minor HIV-1 Variants after Antiretroviral Prophylaxis for Vertical Transmission.
Abstract: METHODS: Plasma samples from 34 Tanzanian women were previously analysed by ASPCR for key resistance mutations in the viral RT selected by AZT, 3TC, and NVP (K70R, K103N, Y181C, M184V, T215Y/F).
Result: However, in four cases very low proportions of key resistance mutations were detected by UDS: 0.5% K70R (sample No.
Result: Nine resistant variants with the AZT-selected mutations K70R and/or T215I were identified in eight samples at frequencies of 1.0% to 10.0%.
Result: The proportions of K70R qu
Table: K70K/R
Table: K70R
Low Incidence of HIV-1C Acquired Drug Resistance 10 Years after Roll-Out of Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Discussion: Despite the extensive use of thymidine analogues like AZT or D4T in Ethiopia and unlike previous similar studies, TAMs characterized by the mutations M41L, L210W, T215Y (TAM-path 1) and D67N, K70R, T215F, K219Q/E (TAM-path 2) were lacking in the current study indicating a recent period of virological failure.
The Evolving Genotypic Profile of HIV-1 Mutations Related to Antiretroviral Treatment in the North Region of Brazil.
Result: Taking into account multiple mutations together, the thymidine analog mutations (TAM) pathway 1 (including M41L, L210W, and T215Y) was selected in 40.8% of the patients, whereas TAM-2 (including D67N, K70R, T215F, and 58 K219Q/E) was present in 42.2%.
Result: The most prevalent mutations related to NRTIs were M184V (80.1%), followed by M41L (31.8%), T215Y (30.2%), D67N (25.5%), K70R (24.4%), T215F (18.3%), L210W (15.1%), and V118I
HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance in Honduras after a Decade of Widespread Antiretroviral Therapy.
Discussion: Indeed, other NRTI DR mutations as M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, and T215Y/F.
Discussion: We observed a significant decrease in the frequency of NRTI PDR mutations (D67N, K70R, M184V, T215Y) and an increase in the frequency of K103N (Fig 4), consistent with a long-term decrease in NRTI PDR and increase in NNRTI PDR in Honduras since the beginning of the national ART programme.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2015
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