Low prevalence of transmitted K65R and other tenofovir resistance mutations across different HIV-1 subtypes: implications for pre-exposure prophylaxis.
PMID: 23305651
2012
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: K70E and >=3 TAMs were found in 0.015% (95% CI: 0.004 to 0.04) and 0.27% (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.4) of sequences, respectively.
Discussion: Other tenofovir-associated mutations, such as K70E and T69 insertions, were either rare or absent.
Prevalence of M184V and K65R in proviral DNA from PBMCs in HIV-infected youths with lamivudine/emtricitabine exposure.
PMID: 23305651
2012
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: Tenofovir-associated resistance mutations included K65R, K70E, T69-insertion and >=3 thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs), inclusive of M41L or L210W.
Method: Tenofovir-associated resistance mutations included K65R, T69 insertion, K70E and >=3 thymidine-analogue mutations (TAMs; M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, K219Q/E), inclusive of either M41L or L210W.
Result: All 20 sequences with K65R had intermediate or high-level predicted resistance to t
"K70Q adds high-level tenofovir resistance to ""Q151M complex"" HIV reverse transcriptase through the enhanced discrimination mechanism."
Figure: Antiviral activities of HIV-1s carrying mutations at residue 70 (K70R, K70G, K70E, K70T, K70N, or K70Q) in the WT (A) or Q151Mc (B) background were determined by the MAGIC5 assay.
Discussion: On the other hand, K70E causes resistance to 3TC, TFV, and ABC by lowering the maximum rate of inhibitor incorporation by RT (kpol-dependent exclusion mechanism).
Discussion: Previous studies have offered insights into the drug resistance mechanism of similar mutations (K70E, K70G, K70R, and K70T).
Discussion: Specifically, K70E was s
HIV-1 drug resistance at antiretroviral treatment initiation in children previously exposed to single-dose nevirapine.
Result: Nineteen samples had major NRTI mutations, specifically K219E/Q (n=8), L74V (n=7), K70E (n=3), D67N (n=2) and L210W (n=1).
Unnecessary antiretroviral treatment switches and accumulation of HIV resistance mutations; two arguments for viral load monitoring in Africa.
PMID: 21694603
2011
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: NRTI cross-resistance was observed in 48.0% of 183 specimens available for genotypic analysis, comprising >=2 TAMs (37.7%), K65R (7.1%), K70E (3.3%), or Q151M (3.3%).
Abstract: Logistic regression assessed factors associated with multiple thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) and NRTI cross-resistance (>=2 TAMs or Q151M or K65R/K70E).
Resistance patterns selected by nevirapine vs. efavirenz in HIV-infected patients failing first-line antiretroviral treatment: a bayesian analysis.
Method: RT mutations were identified from the International AIDS Society USA Drug (IAS-USA) mutation tables, spring 2008 (http://www.iasusa.org/resistance_mutations): M41L, K65R, D67N, insertion 69, K70R/E, L74I/V, L100I, K103N, V106A/M, V108I, Q151M, Y181I/C, M184V, Y188C/L, G190A/S, L210W, T215Y/F, PMID: 20008905
2010
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Result: For Subject 2, K70E was detected by CG at baseline, followed by selection of K65R at failure.
Result: Mutations detected by CG at baseline that could have impacted response to one or more study drugs included mutations at T215, K70E, D67G, M184V and the multi-NRTI Q151M-associated mutations A62V and F77L.
Result: Seven of the VF subjects at baseline had resistance mutation-containing low-abundance viral species (including one of more of the following: A62V, F77L, K70E, T215A, T215S,
Constrained patterns of covariation and clustering of HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations.
PMID: 20462946
2010
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Method: We also examined the extent to which the 52 NNRTI-selected mutations covaried with mutations at 12 major nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance positions, including M41L, K65R, D67N, T69S_SS, K70E, K70R, L74V, L74I, V75M/T, Y115F, Q151M, M184V/I, L210W, T215F and T215Y.
HIV Drug Resistance-Associated Mutations in Antiretroviral Naive HIV-1-Infected Latin American Children.
Abstract: Reverse transcriptase mutations K70R and K70E were detected in 3 and 2 subjects, respectively; protease mutation I50 V was detected in 1 subject.
Result: There were 3 different mutations detected among the 6 subjects with DRMs: reverse transcriptase mutations K70R (detected in 3 subjects), K70E (detected in 2 subjects), and protease mutation I50 V (detected in a single subject).
Prevalence of M184V and K65R in proviral DNA from PBMCs in HIV-infected youths with lamivudine/emtricitabine exposure.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2012
Journal of the International AIDS Society
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