HIV-1 subtype diversity, drug resistance, and genetic transmission networks in men who have sex with men with virologic failure in antiretroviral therapy in Sichuan, China, 2011 to 2017.
Result: M184V/I (236/372, 63.44%), K65KR/R (78/372, 20.97%), D67DN/N (77/372, 20.70%), and K70E/R/KR (72/372, 19.35%) were most common NRTI-related mutations.
Switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide maintained HIV-1 RNA suppression in participants with archived antiretroviral resistance including M184V/I.
PMID: 31430369
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Method: Primary NRTI-R substitutions were M41L, K65R/E/N, D67N, T69 insertions, K70E/R, L74V/I, Y115F, Q151M, M184V/I, L210W, T215Y/F and K219E/Q/N/R in RT.
Pre-treatment and acquired HIV drug resistance in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in the era of tenofovir and routine viral load monitoring.
PMID: 31273377
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Tenofovir-resistance mutations K65R and K70G/E or >=3 thymidine analogue resistance mutations including M41L and L210W were found in 18/36 (50%) subjects on a tenofovir-containing regimen at failure.
A viral genome wide association study and genotypic resistance testing in patients failing first line antiretroviral therapy in the first large countrywide Ethiopian HIV cohort.
Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance in a Large US Clinic Population.
Abstract: The thymidine analogue mutations, M184V/I and the tenofovir-associated DRMs K65R and K70E/Q/G/N/T accounted for 82.9%, 7.3%, and 1.4% of NRTI-associated TDR, respectively.
Result: The TDF-associated SDRM K70E did not occur.
Acquisition of tenofovir-susceptible, emtricitabine-resistant HIV despite high adherence to daily pre-exposure prophylaxis: a case report.
Result: SGS was consistent with the standard genotype in detecting RT mutations: specifically L74V, L100I, M184V, and K103N were detected, but K65R and K70E were not.
Research on the treatment effects and drug resistances of long-term second-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients from Henan Province in China.
Discussion: TDF was used in the second-line program; the mutations associated with resistance to TDF were K65R, TAM (M41 L, K70R, L210 W, T215F), D67N, K70E, and Y115F.
Discussion: The K70E and Y115F mutations cause low-level resistance to TDF as well.
Distinct Pattern of Thymidine Analogue Mutations with K65R in Patients Failing Tenofovir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy.
PMID: 29084434
2018
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Introduction: Also common were associated DRMs K70E and Y115F.
Introduction: As expected, patients failing AZT-based therapy did not develop mutations K65R, K70E, L74V, or Y115F, and only rarely were DRMs from the Q151M complex seen.
HIV Drug Resistance Mutations in Non-B Subtypes After Prolonged Virological Failure on NNRTI-Based First-Line Regimens in Sub-Saharan Africa.
PMID: 28129253
2017
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: After adjustment, participants on zidovudine at failure were more likely to have T215F, T215Y, M41L, K70R, D67N, L210W, type-1 thymidine analog, type-2 thymidine analog, and any thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs); those on tenofovir to have K65R, K70E, Y115F, and M184I; those on efavirenz to have K103N, P225H, Y188L, and L100I; and those on nevirapine to have Y181C and G190A.
Drug resistance mutation profiles of the drug-naive and first-line regimen-treated HIV-1-infected population of Suzhou, China.
Abstract: Only L76V was a major mutation, and K70N/E and V179D/E are known to cause low-level resistance to RT inhibitors.
Abstract: Six transmitted drug-resistant mutations were found, including two mutations (L33F and L76V) in the protease region and four (K70N/E and V179D/E) in the RT region.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2019
Medicine
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