literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Review of Doravirine Resistance Patterns Identified in Participants During Clinical Development.

PMID: 32925358 2020 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Table: K65R

Drug Resistance Mutations Against Protease, Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors in People Living With HIV-1 Receiving Boosted Protease Inhibitors in South Africa.

PMID: 32265875 2020 Frontiers in microbiology

Result: The K65R/N mutation occurred in five (5%) patients; K65R occurred in two (2%) patients receiving AZT plus 3TC, and in one (1%) patient receiving TDF plus FTC.

Table: K65R/N

Discussion: In our study, M184V, L74V, K65R, and Y115F were the most common major NRTI RAMs in patients receiving LPV/r as their bPIs.

Near point-of-care, point-mutation test to detect drug resistance in HIV-1: a validation study in a Mexican cohort.

PMID: 32205723 2020 AIDS (London, England)

Abstract: DESIGN: OLA-Simple probes to detect K65R, K103N/S, Y181C, M184V, and

Discussion: Despite modifications, these K65R probes had the highest rate of IND results (8.5%) mainly due to closely spaced nucleotide variations at codons 67, 68, and 69, including the polymorphic mutation S68G (Supplementary Table 3, http://links.lww.com/QAD/B693).

Discussion: To reduce the IND rate for K65R, a mixture of common probes complementary to these polymorphisms/mutations may be necessary at this site.

Prevalence and characteristics of HIV drug resistance among antiretroviral treatment (ART) experienced adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Ndola, Zambia.

PMID: 32804970 2020 PloS one

Abstract: The mutation M184V which confers resistance to NRTI drugs of lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC) was the most common (81%) among NRTI associated mutations followed by K65R (34.5%) which is associated with both tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) resistance.

Result: Of these (n = 45), 19 had the K65R mutation that confers resistance to tenofovir and abacavir but potentiates the effectiveness of zidovudine as a second line option.

Result: Overall, the 10 most common mutations were M184V (81%), K103N (65.5%), Y188C (36.2%), Y181C (36.2%), V106A (36.2),

In Vivo Emergence of a Novel Protease Inhibitor Resistance Signature in HIV-1 Matrix.

PMID: 33144375 2020 mBio

Result: Baseline genotype (pre-PI) indicated that the individual had developed extensive resistance to first-line ART, with the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations K65R and M184I conferring high-level tenofovir and lamivudine resistance, respectively, as well as K103N and Y181C conferring resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI).

Result: Of note, we observed loss of mutations affecting susceptibility to lamivudine (M184I), tenofovir (K65R), and efavirenz (K103N

Table: K65R

Impact of archived M184V/I mutation on the effectiveness of switch to co-formulated elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide among virally suppressed people living with HIV.

PMID: 32737511 2020 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: RESULTS: Overall, 100 case patients with the M184V/I mutation were identified, including 6 (6.0%) with K65R and 13 (13.0%) with at least one TAM, and were matched to 400 controls in terms of gender, age (mean = 40.3 versus 39.7 years) and cumulative exposure duration to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (median = 146 versus 143 weeks).

Abstract: The presence of the K65R mutation or TAMs was not associated with virological non-response.

Two Coselected Distal Mutations in HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT) Alter Susceptibility to Nonnucleoside RT Inhibitors and Nucleoside Analogs.

PMID: 30894467 2019 Journal of virology

Discussion: Most NRTI resistance mutations interfere with the incorporation of the NRTITP, either directly (e.g., M184V/I, which causes steric hindrance involving the oxathiolane ring of 3TCTP or FTCTP) or indirectly (e.g., K65R altering the ability of the RT to bind tenofovir relative to dATP).

Incidence and types of HIV-1 drug resistance mutation among patients failing first-line antiretroviral therapy.

PMID: 30928089 2019 Journal of pharmacological sciences

Abstract: RESULTS: 103 cases were successfully amplified, and the main drug resistance mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) region were M184V (50.49%), K103N (28.16%), Y181C (25.24%), and K65R (27.18%), while no drug main resistance mutation was found in the protease (PR) region.

Diversity of HIV-1 genotypes and high prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Shanghai, China.

PMID: 30961560 2019 BMC infectious diseases

Result: M184 V (2.8%, 9/317) was the most prevalent NRTI associated mutation, followed by K65R (2.2%, 7/317).

Antiretroviral drug resistance mutations among patients failing first-line treatment in Hanoi, Vietnam.

PMID: 31190911 2019 Infection and drug resistance

Table: K65R