literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in treatment-experienced patients in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-sectional study.

PMID: 34622871 2021 Medicine

Result: M184 V/I 87 (28.8%), K65R/E/N 27 (8.9%), L74 V 3 (1.0%), and Y115F 12 (4.0%) were the mutations conferring resistance to NRTIs, along with thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) M41L 14 (4.6%), D67N 17 (5.6%), K70R 20 (6.6%), L210W

Result: K65R/E/N and K70E mutations conferred resistance to TDF and M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E conferred resistance to AZT.

Correlation of HIV-1 drug resistant mutations and virologic failure.

PMID: 34584606 2021 The Pan African medical journal

Introduction: These mutations included M184V, K65R,D67N,K70R,K219Q,Q151M, T215F, M41L, T69N, V75M, M41L, T69N, V75M, D67G, V75M, M184I, T215N, M41LM, T215N, K219N,210W, T215Y as NRTIs; K103N/S

Development of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Resistance to 4'-Ethynyl-2-Fluoro-2'-Deoxyadenosine Starting with Wild-Type or Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Resistant Strains.

PMID: 34516245 2021 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Abstract: To study EFdA resistance patterns that may emerge in naive or tenofovir (TFV)-, emtricitabine/lamivudine (FTC/3TC)-, or zidovudine (AZT)-treated patients, we performed viral passaging experiments starting with WT, K65R, M184V, or D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q HIV-1.

Nucleoside Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance Mutations Predict Virological Failure in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients During Lamivudine Plus Dolutegravir Maintenance Therapy in Clinical Practice.

PMID: 34327247 2021 Open forum infectious diseases

Method: The role of any non-TAM was not specifically studied because of the low number of patients harboring the K65R/E/N mutation (the only other non-TAM associated with decreased susceptibility to 3TC) and its collinearity with M184V/I.

Table: K65R/E

Nationwide Study of Drug Resistance Mutations in HIV-1 Infected Individuals under Antiretroviral Therapy in Brazil.

PMID: 34069929 2021 International journal of molecular sciences

Introduction: Among the surveillance drug-resistance mutations (SDRM), K65R is commonly associated with tenofovir (TDF) resistance and different prevalence rates of this mutation have

Method: All sequences having the K65R were separated by subtype and used to query local and public databases to identify highly related HIV-1 sequences.

Method: Minimum spanning network analysis of the sequences identified in transmission clusters with more than one K65R mutant was performed with PHYLOViZ.

HIV-1 molecular transmission network among sexually transmitted populations in Liaoning Province, China.

PMID: 34260561 2021 Medicine

Result: Among them, 9 cases were protease inhibitor-related resistance, and the main resistance sites were L33F, V82A, Q58E, M46L, M46I; There were 4 cases of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance, the main mutation sites were V75VI, K219Q, T215A, K65R; There were 5 cases of non-nucle

Table: K65R

Discussion: Mutations K65R, Y181C+G190S, which produced high drug resistance, did not enter the transmission network.

HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Genetic Transmission Networks Among MSM Failing Antiretroviral Therapy in South China 2014-2019.

PMID: 34377002 2021 Infection and drug resistance

Abstract: The most common DRMs were M184I/V (42.2%), followed by V179D/E (37.9%) and K65R (27.2%).

Result: Among the NRTI DRMs, M184I/V (42.2%, 166/393) was the most frequent, followed by K65R (27.2%, 107/393).

Result: The most common NRTI mutation pattern was M184V+K65R, with a frequency of 15.0% (59/393).

Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Black Americans With HIV-1: A Randomized Phase 3b, Multicenter, Open-Label Study.

PMID: 34397746 2021 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Method: Participants had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >=50 mL per minute (calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation) and no documented history of resistance to INSTIs or tenofovir (TFV) resistance defined as K65R/E/N mutations, >=3 thymidine analog mutations, or T69 insertions (See Appendix, Supplemental Digital Content, http://links.lww.com/QAI/B674).

HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease mutations for drug-resistance detection among treatment-experienced and naive HIV-infected individuals.

PMID: 32119691 2020 PloS one

Table: K65R/E

High prevalence of integrase mutation L74I in West African HIV-1 subtypes prior to integrase inhibitor treatment.

PMID: 32105319 2020 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Table: K65R