literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Black Americans With HIV-1: A Randomized Phase 3b, Multicenter, Open-Label Study.

PMID: 34397746 2021 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Method: Participants had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >=50 mL per minute (calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation) and no documented history of resistance to INSTIs or tenofovir (TFV) resistance defined as K65R/E/N mutations, >=3 thymidine analog mutations, or T69 insertions (See Appendix, Supplemental Digital Content, http://links.lww.com/QAI/B674).

HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Genetic Transmission Networks Among MSM Failing Antiretroviral Therapy in South China 2014-2019.

PMID: 34377002 2021 Infection and drug resistance

Abstract: The most common DRMs were M184I/V (42.2%), followed by V179D/E (37.9%) and K65R (27.2%).

Result: Among the NRTI DRMs, M184I/V (42.2%, 166/393) was the most frequent, followed by K65R (27.2%, 107/393).

Result: The most common NRTI mutation pattern was M184V+K65R, with a frequency of 15.0% (59/393).

HIV-1 molecular transmission network among sexually transmitted populations in Liaoning Province, China.

PMID: 34260561 2021 Medicine

Result: Among them, 9 cases were protease inhibitor-related resistance, and the main resistance sites were L33F, V82A, Q58E, M46L, M46I; There were 4 cases of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance, the main mutation sites were V75VI, K219Q, T215A, K65R; There were 5 cases of non-nucle

Table: K65R

Discussion: Mutations K65R, Y181C+G190S, which produced high drug resistance, did not enter the transmission network.

Temporal Trends in HIV-1 Mutations Used for the Surveillance of Transmitted Drug Resistance.

PMID: 34064774 2021 Viruses

Method: Tenofovir-associated mutations were defined as A62V, K65R/N/E, S68G/N/D, T69 deletions, and K70E/Q/N/T/S/G.

Result: Five SDRMs increased in prevalence among NRTI-experienced persons including K65R, K70E, Y115F, and M184V/I.

Rapid HIV-1 drug resistance testing in a resource limited setting: the Pan Degenerate Amplification and Adaptation assay (PANDAA).

PMID: 34795836 2021 The Pan African medical journal

Result: Besides DRMs assessed by PANDAA (K65R, M184V, K103N, Y181C and G190A), additional major DRMs to NRTI (L74I, D67N, K70E and K219R) were found in 3/120 participants (3%), as follows: L74I in combination with M184V were found in 2/120 participants (2%) and D67N +K70E+219R together with M184V occurred in 1 participant (1%).

Result: Pre-treatment drug resistance (K65R, M184V,

Transmitted drug resistance to Tenofovir/Emtricitabine among persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection in Shenyang city, Northeast China from 2016 to 2018.

PMID: 34243716 2021 BMC infectious diseases

Abstract: Most cases were sporadic in the phylogenetic tree, except two CRF01_AE sequences with K65R (Bootstrap value: 99%).

Abstract: The TDF/FTC DRMs included K65R (8/13), M184I/V (5/13), and Y115F (2/13).

Introduction: The Stanford drug resistance database showed the incidence of K65R (1.6-3.0%) and M184I/V (30-63%) among eight common HIV-1 subtypes in NRTI-treated patients.

Nucleoside Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance Mutations Predict Virological Failure in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients During Lamivudine Plus Dolutegravir Maintenance Therapy in Clinical Practice.

PMID: 34327247 2021 Open forum infectious diseases

Method: The role of any non-TAM was not specifically studied because of the low number of patients harboring the K65R/E/N mutation (the only other non-TAM associated with decreased susceptibility to 3TC) and its collinearity with M184V/I.

Table: K65R/E

HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease mutations for drug-resistance detection among treatment-experienced and naive HIV-infected individuals.

PMID: 32119691 2020 PloS one

Table: K65R/E

The characteristics of pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance in western Yunnan, China.

PMID: 32381145 2020 Epidemiology and infection

Abstract: Among the DRMs detected, some independently conferred resistance, such as K65R (1.6%, 5/322), Y188C/F/L (0.9%, 3/322), K103N (0.6%, 2/322) and G190A (0.3%, 1/322), which conferred high-level resistance.

Result: Among the key DRMs for NRTIs, K65R (1.6%, 5/322) conferred high-level resistance, T69D (0.3%, 1/322) conferred intermediate resistance and M41L (0.6%, 2/322), D67N (0.6%, 2/322) and T215D (0.3%, 1/322) conferred low-level resistance.

Discussion: Among the detected NRTI resistance mutations, K65R is a key mutation that causes intermediat

High prevalence of integrase mutation L74I in West African HIV-1 subtypes prior to integrase inhibitor treatment.

PMID: 32105319 2020 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Table: K65R

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